Comparing two pandemics: A century apart

This Briefing summarises our recently published study that compares the 1918-19 influenza pandemic with the Covid-19 pandemic. It highlights similarities and differences in the nature of these pandemics, the responses, and their impacts on Aotearoa New Zealand and globally. It also emphasises the importance of learning from the past to inform current and future pandemic management, focusing on public health infrastructure, international cooperation, and addressing social determinants of health. The analysis reveals the critical role of rapid scientific advancements, such as new strategic approaches (notably elimination) and vaccine development, in mitigating Covid-19's effects. By extracting lessons from the 1918-19 influenza pandemic, we suggest ways to improve resilience and equity in healthcare systems for better preparedness and response to future public health emergencies.