Graphite from Palaeoproterozoic enhanced carbon burial, and its metallogenic legacy

John Parnell; Connor Brolly; Adrian Boyce

doi:10.1017/S0016756821000583

Graphite from Palaeoproterozoic enhanced carbon burial, and its metallogenic legacy

John Parnell^* (Corresponding Author)
, Connor Brolly
, Adrian Boyce

^*Corresponding author for this work

Geology and Geophysics

University of Aberdeen
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

30 Citations (Scopus)

18 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The episode of widespread organic carbon deposition marked by a peak in black shale sedimentation during the Palaeoproterozoic is also reflected in a relative abundance of exceptionally abundant graphite deposits of this age. Worldwide anoxic/euxinic sediments were preserved as a deep crustal reservoir of both organic carbon, and sulphur in accompanying pyrite, both commonly >1 wt.%. The carbon- and sulphur-rich Palaeoproterozoic crust interacted with mafic magma to cause Ni-Co-Cu-PGE mineralization over the next billion years, and much of the uranium currently produced is from Mesoproterozoic deposits nucleated upon older Palaeoproterozoic graphite. Palaeoproterozoic carbon deposition has thus left a unique legacy of both graphite deposits and long-term ore depositions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1711-1718
Number of pages	8
Journal	Geological Magazine
Volume	158
Issue number	9
Early online date	13 Jul 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756821000583
Publication status	Published - Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgements
This project is in support of the NERC SoS (Security of Supply of Critical Elements) programme, under Grant NE/M010953/1. C. Taylor, J. Johnston and J. Bowie provided skilled technical help. We are most grateful to H. Gautneb and E. Lynch for valuable review.

Keywords

Precambrian
Proterozoic
graphite
mineralization
carbon isotopes

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Parnell_etal_GM_graphite_palaeoproterozoic_enhanced_VOR
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Cite this

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title = "Graphite from Palaeoproterozoic enhanced carbon burial, and its metallogenic legacy",

abstract = "The episode of widespread organic carbon deposition marked by a peak in black shale sedimentation during the Palaeoproterozoic is also reflected in a relative abundance of exceptionally abundant graphite deposits of this age. Worldwide anoxic/euxinic sediments were preserved as a deep crustal reservoir of both organic carbon, and sulphur in accompanying pyrite, both commonly >1 wt.\%. The carbon- and sulphur-rich Palaeoproterozoic crust interacted with mafic magma to cause Ni-Co-Cu-PGE mineralization over the next billion years, and much of the uranium currently produced is from Mesoproterozoic deposits nucleated upon older Palaeoproterozoic graphite. Palaeoproterozoic carbon deposition has thus left a unique legacy of both graphite deposits and long-term ore depositions.",

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author = "John Parnell and Connor Brolly and Adrian Boyce",

note = "Acknowledgements This project is in support of the NERC SoS (Security of Supply of Critical Elements) programme, under Grant NE/M010953/1. C. Taylor, J. Johnston and J. Bowie provided skilled technical help. We are most grateful to H. Gautneb and E. Lynch for valuable review.",

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AU - Parnell, John

AU - Brolly, Connor

AU - Boyce, Adrian

N1 - Acknowledgements This project is in support of the NERC SoS (Security of Supply of Critical Elements) programme, under Grant NE/M010953/1. C. Taylor, J. Johnston and J. Bowie provided skilled technical help. We are most grateful to H. Gautneb and E. Lynch for valuable review.

PY - 2021/9

Y1 - 2021/9

N2 - The episode of widespread organic carbon deposition marked by a peak in black shale sedimentation during the Palaeoproterozoic is also reflected in a relative abundance of exceptionally abundant graphite deposits of this age. Worldwide anoxic/euxinic sediments were preserved as a deep crustal reservoir of both organic carbon, and sulphur in accompanying pyrite, both commonly >1 wt.%. The carbon- and sulphur-rich Palaeoproterozoic crust interacted with mafic magma to cause Ni-Co-Cu-PGE mineralization over the next billion years, and much of the uranium currently produced is from Mesoproterozoic deposits nucleated upon older Palaeoproterozoic graphite. Palaeoproterozoic carbon deposition has thus left a unique legacy of both graphite deposits and long-term ore depositions.

AB - The episode of widespread organic carbon deposition marked by a peak in black shale sedimentation during the Palaeoproterozoic is also reflected in a relative abundance of exceptionally abundant graphite deposits of this age. Worldwide anoxic/euxinic sediments were preserved as a deep crustal reservoir of both organic carbon, and sulphur in accompanying pyrite, both commonly >1 wt.%. The carbon- and sulphur-rich Palaeoproterozoic crust interacted with mafic magma to cause Ni-Co-Cu-PGE mineralization over the next billion years, and much of the uranium currently produced is from Mesoproterozoic deposits nucleated upon older Palaeoproterozoic graphite. Palaeoproterozoic carbon deposition has thus left a unique legacy of both graphite deposits and long-term ore depositions.

KW - Precambrian

KW - Proterozoic

KW - graphite

KW - mineralization

KW - carbon isotopes

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85110322992

U2 - 10.1017/S0016756821000583

DO - 10.1017/S0016756821000583

M3 - Article

SN - 0016-7568

VL - 158

SP - 1711

EP - 1718

JO - Geological Magazine

JF - Geological Magazine

IS - 9

ER -

Graphite from Palaeoproterozoic enhanced carbon burial, and its metallogenic legacy

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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