The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT): a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT)

Stacy A Clemes; Veronica Varela-Mato; Danielle H Bodicoat; Cassandra L Brookes; Yu-Ling Chen; Charlotte L Edwardson; Laura J Gray; Amber J Guest; Vicki Johnson; Fehmidah Munir; Nicola J Paine; Gerry Richardson; Katharina Ruettger; Mohsen Sayyah; Aron Sherry; Ana Suazo Di Paola; Jacqui Troughton; Thomas Yates; James A King

doi:10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7

The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT): a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT)

Stacy A Clemes^* (Corresponding Author)
, Veronica Varela-Mato
, Danielle H Bodicoat
, Cassandra L Brookes
, Yu-Ling Chen
, Charlotte L Edwardson
, Laura J Gray
, Amber J Guest
, Vicki Johnson
, Fehmidah Munir
, Nicola J Paine
, Gerry Richardson
, Katharina Ruettger
, Mohsen Sayyah
, Aron Sherry
, Ana Suazo Di Paola
, Jacqui Troughton
, Thomas Yates
, James A King

^*Corresponding author for this work

Applied Health Sciences

Loughborough University
University of Leicester
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
University of York
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
Independent Researcher

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Citations (Scopus)

7 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Long distance heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers exhibit higher than nationally representative rates of obesity, and obesity-related co-morbidities, and are underserved in terms of health promotion initiatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the multicomponent 'Structured Health Intervention For Truckers' (SHIFT), compared to usual care, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up.

METHODS: We conducted a two-arm cluster RCT in transport sites throughout the Midlands, UK. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up. Clusters were randomised (1:1) following baseline measurements to either the SHIFT arm or usual practice control arm. The 6-month SHIFT programme included a group-based interactive 6-h education and behaviour change session, health coach support and equipment provision (Fitbit® and resistance bands/balls to facilitate a 'cab workout'). The primary outcome was device-assessed physical activity (mean steps/day) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included the following: device-assessed sitting, physical activity intensity and sleep; cardiometabolic health, diet, mental wellbeing and work-related psychosocial variables. Data were analysed using mixed-effect linear regression models using a complete-case population.

RESULTS: Three hundred eighty-two HGV drivers (mean ± SD age: 48.4 ± 9.4 years, BMI: 30.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2, 99% male) were recruited across 25 clusters (sites) and randomised into either the SHIFT (12 clusters, n = 183) or control (13 clusters, n = 199) arms. At 6 months, 209 (55%) participants provided primary outcome data. Significant differences in mean daily steps were found between groups, in favour of the SHIFT arm (adjusted mean difference: 1008 steps/day, 95% CI: 145-1871, p = 0.022). Favourable differences were also seen in the SHIFT group, relative to the control group, in time spent sitting (- 24 mins/day, 95% CI: - 43 to - 6), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (6 mins/day, 95% CI: 0.3-11). Differences were not maintained at 16-18 months. No differences were observed between groups in the other secondary outcomes at either follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS: The SHIFT programme led to a potentially clinically meaningful difference in daily steps, between trial arms, at 6 months. Whilst the longer-term impact is unclear, the programme offers potential to be incorporated into driver training courses to promote activity in this at-risk, underserved and hard-to-reach essential occupational group.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN10483894 (date registered: 01/03/2017).

Original language	English
Article number	195
Number of pages	17
Journal	BMC medicine
Volume	20
Issue number	1
Early online date	24 May 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7
Publication status	Published - 24 May 2022

Bibliographical note

This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
Public Health Research programme (reference: NIHR PHR 15/190/42). The
study was also supported by the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
which is a partnership between University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust,
Loughborough University, and the University of Leicester. Laura Gray is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied
Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM). The views expressed are those
of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Depart‑
ment of Health and Social Care. Funding to cover intervention costs (Fitbits,
cab workout equipment) was provided by the Higher Education Innovation
Fund, via the Loughborough University Enterprise Projects Group. The Colt
Foundation provided funding for a PhD Studentship, awarded to Amber Guest
(reference: JD/618), which covered Amber’s time and contributions to this pro‑
ject. The funders played no role in study design, data collection, data analysis,
data interpretation or in the preparation of this manuscript.

Data Availability Statement

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7.

Data Availability: The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from
the corresponding author on reasonable request.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Physical activity
Sedentary behaviour
Occupational drivers
Diet
Obesity
Workplace

Access to Document

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Cite this

Clemes, S. A., Varela-Mato, V., Bodicoat, D. H., Brookes, C. L., Chen, Y.-L., Edwardson, C. L., Gray, L. J., Guest, A. J., Johnson, V., Munir, F., Paine, N. J., Richardson, G., Ruettger, K., Sayyah, M., Sherry, A., Di Paola, A. S., Troughton, J., Yates, T., & King, J. A. (2022). The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT): a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT). BMC medicine , 20(1), Article 195. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7

Clemes, SA, Varela-Mato, V, Bodicoat, DH, Brookes, CL, Chen, Y-L, Edwardson, CL, Gray, LJ, Guest, AJ, Johnson, V, Munir, F, Paine, NJ, Richardson, G, Ruettger, K, Sayyah, M, Sherry, A, Di Paola, AS, Troughton, J, Yates, T & King, JA 2022, 'The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT): a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT)', BMC medicine , vol. 20, no. 1, 195. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7

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title = "The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT): a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT)",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Long distance heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers exhibit higher than nationally representative rates of obesity, and obesity-related co-morbidities, and are underserved in terms of health promotion initiatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the multicomponent 'Structured Health Intervention For Truckers' (SHIFT), compared to usual care, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up.METHODS: We conducted a two-arm cluster RCT in transport sites throughout the Midlands, UK. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up. Clusters were randomised (1:1) following baseline measurements to either the SHIFT arm or usual practice control arm. The 6-month SHIFT programme included a group-based interactive 6-h education and behaviour change session, health coach support and equipment provision (Fitbit{\textregistered} and resistance bands/balls to facilitate a 'cab workout'). The primary outcome was device-assessed physical activity (mean steps/day) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included the following: device-assessed sitting, physical activity intensity and sleep; cardiometabolic health, diet, mental wellbeing and work-related psychosocial variables. Data were analysed using mixed-effect linear regression models using a complete-case population.RESULTS: Three hundred eighty-two HGV drivers (mean ± SD age: 48.4 ± 9.4 years, BMI: 30.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2, 99\% male) were recruited across 25 clusters (sites) and randomised into either the SHIFT (12 clusters, n = 183) or control (13 clusters, n = 199) arms. At 6 months, 209 (55\%) participants provided primary outcome data. Significant differences in mean daily steps were found between groups, in favour of the SHIFT arm (adjusted mean difference: 1008 steps/day, 95\% CI: 145-1871, p = 0.022). Favourable differences were also seen in the SHIFT group, relative to the control group, in time spent sitting (- 24 mins/day, 95\% CI: - 43 to - 6), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (6 mins/day, 95\% CI: 0.3-11). Differences were not maintained at 16-18 months. No differences were observed between groups in the other secondary outcomes at either follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: The SHIFT programme led to a potentially clinically meaningful difference in daily steps, between trial arms, at 6 months. Whilst the longer-term impact is unclear, the programme offers potential to be incorporated into driver training courses to promote activity in this at-risk, underserved and hard-to-reach essential occupational group.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN10483894 (date registered: 01/03/2017).",

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author = "Clemes, \{Stacy A\} and Veronica Varela-Mato and Bodicoat, \{Danielle H\} and Brookes, \{Cassandra L\} and Yu-Ling Chen and Edwardson, \{Charlotte L\} and Gray, \{Laura J\} and Guest, \{Amber J\} and Vicki Johnson and Fehmidah Munir and Paine, \{Nicola J\} and Gerry Richardson and Katharina Ruettger and Mohsen Sayyah and Aron Sherry and \{Di Paola\}, \{Ana Suazo\} and Jacqui Troughton and Thomas Yates and King, \{James A\}",

note = "This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme (reference: NIHR PHR 15/190/42). The study was also supported by the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre which is a partnership between University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Loughborough University, and the University of Leicester. Laura Gray is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Depart‑ ment of Health and Social Care. Funding to cover intervention costs (Fitbits, cab workout equipment) was provided by the Higher Education Innovation Fund, via the Loughborough University Enterprise Projects Group. The Colt Foundation provided funding for a PhD Studentship, awarded to Amber Guest (reference: JD/618), which covered Amber{\textquoteright}s time and contributions to this pro‑ ject. The funders played no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or in the preparation of this manuscript.",

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doi = "10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

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issn = "1741-7015",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT)

T2 - a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT)

AU - Clemes, Stacy A

AU - Varela-Mato, Veronica

AU - Bodicoat, Danielle H

AU - Brookes, Cassandra L

AU - Chen, Yu-Ling

AU - Edwardson, Charlotte L

AU - Gray, Laura J

AU - Guest, Amber J

AU - Johnson, Vicki

AU - Munir, Fehmidah

AU - Paine, Nicola J

AU - Richardson, Gerry

AU - Ruettger, Katharina

AU - Sayyah, Mohsen

AU - Sherry, Aron

AU - Di Paola, Ana Suazo

AU - Troughton, Jacqui

AU - Yates, Thomas

AU - King, James A

N1 - This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme (reference: NIHR PHR 15/190/42). The study was also supported by the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre which is a partnership between University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Loughborough University, and the University of Leicester. Laura Gray is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Depart‑ ment of Health and Social Care. Funding to cover intervention costs (Fitbits, cab workout equipment) was provided by the Higher Education Innovation Fund, via the Loughborough University Enterprise Projects Group. The Colt Foundation provided funding for a PhD Studentship, awarded to Amber Guest (reference: JD/618), which covered Amber’s time and contributions to this pro‑ ject. The funders played no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or in the preparation of this manuscript.

PY - 2022/5/24

Y1 - 2022/5/24

N2 - BACKGROUND: Long distance heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers exhibit higher than nationally representative rates of obesity, and obesity-related co-morbidities, and are underserved in terms of health promotion initiatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the multicomponent 'Structured Health Intervention For Truckers' (SHIFT), compared to usual care, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up.METHODS: We conducted a two-arm cluster RCT in transport sites throughout the Midlands, UK. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up. Clusters were randomised (1:1) following baseline measurements to either the SHIFT arm or usual practice control arm. The 6-month SHIFT programme included a group-based interactive 6-h education and behaviour change session, health coach support and equipment provision (Fitbit® and resistance bands/balls to facilitate a 'cab workout'). The primary outcome was device-assessed physical activity (mean steps/day) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included the following: device-assessed sitting, physical activity intensity and sleep; cardiometabolic health, diet, mental wellbeing and work-related psychosocial variables. Data were analysed using mixed-effect linear regression models using a complete-case population.RESULTS: Three hundred eighty-two HGV drivers (mean ± SD age: 48.4 ± 9.4 years, BMI: 30.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2, 99% male) were recruited across 25 clusters (sites) and randomised into either the SHIFT (12 clusters, n = 183) or control (13 clusters, n = 199) arms. At 6 months, 209 (55%) participants provided primary outcome data. Significant differences in mean daily steps were found between groups, in favour of the SHIFT arm (adjusted mean difference: 1008 steps/day, 95% CI: 145-1871, p = 0.022). Favourable differences were also seen in the SHIFT group, relative to the control group, in time spent sitting (- 24 mins/day, 95% CI: - 43 to - 6), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (6 mins/day, 95% CI: 0.3-11). Differences were not maintained at 16-18 months. No differences were observed between groups in the other secondary outcomes at either follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: The SHIFT programme led to a potentially clinically meaningful difference in daily steps, between trial arms, at 6 months. Whilst the longer-term impact is unclear, the programme offers potential to be incorporated into driver training courses to promote activity in this at-risk, underserved and hard-to-reach essential occupational group.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN10483894 (date registered: 01/03/2017).

AB - BACKGROUND: Long distance heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers exhibit higher than nationally representative rates of obesity, and obesity-related co-morbidities, and are underserved in terms of health promotion initiatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the multicomponent 'Structured Health Intervention For Truckers' (SHIFT), compared to usual care, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up.METHODS: We conducted a two-arm cluster RCT in transport sites throughout the Midlands, UK. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, at 6- and 16-18-month follow-up. Clusters were randomised (1:1) following baseline measurements to either the SHIFT arm or usual practice control arm. The 6-month SHIFT programme included a group-based interactive 6-h education and behaviour change session, health coach support and equipment provision (Fitbit® and resistance bands/balls to facilitate a 'cab workout'). The primary outcome was device-assessed physical activity (mean steps/day) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included the following: device-assessed sitting, physical activity intensity and sleep; cardiometabolic health, diet, mental wellbeing and work-related psychosocial variables. Data were analysed using mixed-effect linear regression models using a complete-case population.RESULTS: Three hundred eighty-two HGV drivers (mean ± SD age: 48.4 ± 9.4 years, BMI: 30.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2, 99% male) were recruited across 25 clusters (sites) and randomised into either the SHIFT (12 clusters, n = 183) or control (13 clusters, n = 199) arms. At 6 months, 209 (55%) participants provided primary outcome data. Significant differences in mean daily steps were found between groups, in favour of the SHIFT arm (adjusted mean difference: 1008 steps/day, 95% CI: 145-1871, p = 0.022). Favourable differences were also seen in the SHIFT group, relative to the control group, in time spent sitting (- 24 mins/day, 95% CI: - 43 to - 6), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (6 mins/day, 95% CI: 0.3-11). Differences were not maintained at 16-18 months. No differences were observed between groups in the other secondary outcomes at either follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: The SHIFT programme led to a potentially clinically meaningful difference in daily steps, between trial arms, at 6 months. Whilst the longer-term impact is unclear, the programme offers potential to be incorporated into driver training courses to promote activity in this at-risk, underserved and hard-to-reach essential occupational group.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN10483894 (date registered: 01/03/2017).

KW - Physical activity

KW - Sedentary behaviour

KW - Occupational drivers

KW - Diet

KW - Obesity

KW - Workplace

U2 - 10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7

DO - 10.1186/s12916-022-02372-7

M3 - Article

C2 - 35606763

SN - 1741-7015

VL - 20

JO - BMC medicine

JF - BMC medicine

IS - 1

M1 - 195

ER -

The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT): a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT)

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Data Availability Statement

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this