Translating the behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 into Spanish: Methodology and validation

Oscar Castro; Gabriela Fajardo; Marie Johnston; Denise Laroze; Eduardo Leiva-Pinto; Oriana Figueroa; Elizabeth Corker; Jeanette A Chacón-Candia; Giuliano Duarte

doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21388.1

Translating the behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 into Spanish: Methodology and validation

Oscar Castro, Gabriela Fajardo, Marie Johnston, Denise Laroze, Eduardo Leiva-Pinto, Oriana Figueroa, Elizabeth Corker, Jeanette A Chacón-Candia, Giuliano Duarte

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Precise and unequivocal specification of intervention content is key to facilitating the accumulation and implementation of knowledge. The Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1) is the most widely used classification of behaviour change techniques (BCTs), providing a shared, standardized vocabulary to identify the active ingredients of behavioural interventions. However, the BCTTv1 is only available in English and this hampers its broad use and adoption. The aim of the present article is to report the process of translation of the BCTTv1 into Spanish.

METHODS: A bilingual team led the translation of the BCTTv1, involving seven iterative steps: (i) establish a Committee, (ii) forward translation from English to Spanish, (iii) back translation from Spanish to English, (iv) comparison of original BCTTv1 and back translation, (v) opportunistic comparison against an independent BCTTv1 translation, (vi) empirical testing, and (vii) final Committee review.

RESULTS: Changes as a result of the translation process included relabelling BCTs, amending definitions, and fixing conceptual and grammatical inconsistencies, yielding the final version. Very satisfactory inter-coder reliability in BCT identification was observed as part of the empirical testing (i.e., prevalence and bias-adjusted kappa scores > 0.8).

CONCLUSIONS: This work provides the Spanish-speaking population with a rigorous and validated BCTTv1 translation which can be used in both research and practice to provide a greater level of intervention detail for evidence synthesis, comparison, and replication of behaviour change interventions. The translation process described here may prove helpful to guide future translation efforts in behavioural science and beyond.

Original language	English
Article number	298
Number of pages	14
Journal	Wellcome open research
Volume	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21388.1
Publication status	Published - 29 Jun 2024

Bibliographical note

The authors would like to thank Professor Susan Michie for sharing the raw validation data of the BCTTv1, as well as Nicole Rähle of the Swiss Red Cross for enabling us to use her translation for comparison. We are also grateful to all professional translators involved in the process: Valentina Vidal (forward translation), Lilian McPherson (back translation), and Tania Góchez (translation for the Swiss Red Cross).

Data Availability Statement

Underlying data
Open Science Framework: Translating the BCTTv1 into Spanish https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/DZQYH (Laroze et al., 2021).

Extended data
This project contains the following extended data:

Electronic Supplementary Material 1 (https://osf.io/tcf4j)

Electronic Supplementary Material 2 (https://osf.io/fc459)

Electronic Supplementary Material 3 (https://osf.io/kzd4t)

Electronic Supplementary Material 4 (https://osf.io/2ha97)

Electronic Supplementary Material 5 (https://osf.io/tec5v)

Electronic Supplementary Material 6 (https://osf.io/rwmj8)

Electronic Supplementary Material 7 (https://osf.io/fdh29)

Funding

This work was supported by Wellcome through a collaborative award to the Human Behaviour-Change Project [201524, https://doi.org/10.35802/201524]. OC is supported by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister’s Office, Singapore, under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise program. GF is supported by the Postdoctoral Position Funding code 032361LP, awarded by the Direction of Science and Technology of the Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Funders	Funder number
Wellcome Trust	201524

Access to Document

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21388.1Licence: CC BY

Castro_etal_WOR_Translating_the_Behaviour_VOR
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Final published version, 385 KBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Translating the behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 into Spanish: Methodology and validation",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Precise and unequivocal specification of intervention content is key to facilitating the accumulation and implementation of knowledge. The Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1) is the most widely used classification of behaviour change techniques (BCTs), providing a shared, standardized vocabulary to identify the active ingredients of behavioural interventions. However, the BCTTv1 is only available in English and this hampers its broad use and adoption. The aim of the present article is to report the process of translation of the BCTTv1 into Spanish.METHODS: A bilingual team led the translation of the BCTTv1, involving seven iterative steps: (i) establish a Committee, (ii) forward translation from English to Spanish, (iii) back translation from Spanish to English, (iv) comparison of original BCTTv1 and back translation, (v) opportunistic comparison against an independent BCTTv1 translation, (vi) empirical testing, and (vii) final Committee review.RESULTS: Changes as a result of the translation process included relabelling BCTs, amending definitions, and fixing conceptual and grammatical inconsistencies, yielding the final version. Very satisfactory inter-coder reliability in BCT identification was observed as part of the empirical testing (i.e., prevalence and bias-adjusted kappa scores > 0.8).CONCLUSIONS: This work provides the Spanish-speaking population with a rigorous and validated BCTTv1 translation which can be used in both research and practice to provide a greater level of intervention detail for evidence synthesis, comparison, and replication of behaviour change interventions. The translation process described here may prove helpful to guide future translation efforts in behavioural science and beyond.",

author = "Oscar Castro and Gabriela Fajardo and Marie Johnston and Denise Laroze and Eduardo Leiva-Pinto and Oriana Figueroa and Elizabeth Corker and Chac{\'o}n-Candia, {Jeanette A} and Giuliano Duarte",

note = "The authors would like to thank Professor Susan Michie for sharing the raw validation data of the BCTTv1, as well as Nicole R{\"a}hle of the Swiss Red Cross for enabling us to use her translation for comparison. We are also grateful to all professional translators involved in the process: Valentina Vidal (forward translation), Lilian McPherson (back translation), and Tania G{\'o}chez (translation for the Swiss Red Cross).",

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doi = "10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21388.1",

language = "English",

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T1 - Translating the behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 into Spanish

T2 - Methodology and validation

AU - Castro, Oscar

AU - Fajardo, Gabriela

AU - Johnston, Marie

AU - Laroze, Denise

AU - Leiva-Pinto, Eduardo

AU - Figueroa, Oriana

AU - Corker, Elizabeth

AU - Chacón-Candia, Jeanette A

AU - Duarte, Giuliano

N1 - The authors would like to thank Professor Susan Michie for sharing the raw validation data of the BCTTv1, as well as Nicole Rähle of the Swiss Red Cross for enabling us to use her translation for comparison. We are also grateful to all professional translators involved in the process: Valentina Vidal (forward translation), Lilian McPherson (back translation), and Tania Góchez (translation for the Swiss Red Cross).

PY - 2024/6/29

Y1 - 2024/6/29

N2 - BACKGROUND: Precise and unequivocal specification of intervention content is key to facilitating the accumulation and implementation of knowledge. The Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1) is the most widely used classification of behaviour change techniques (BCTs), providing a shared, standardized vocabulary to identify the active ingredients of behavioural interventions. However, the BCTTv1 is only available in English and this hampers its broad use and adoption. The aim of the present article is to report the process of translation of the BCTTv1 into Spanish.METHODS: A bilingual team led the translation of the BCTTv1, involving seven iterative steps: (i) establish a Committee, (ii) forward translation from English to Spanish, (iii) back translation from Spanish to English, (iv) comparison of original BCTTv1 and back translation, (v) opportunistic comparison against an independent BCTTv1 translation, (vi) empirical testing, and (vii) final Committee review.RESULTS: Changes as a result of the translation process included relabelling BCTs, amending definitions, and fixing conceptual and grammatical inconsistencies, yielding the final version. Very satisfactory inter-coder reliability in BCT identification was observed as part of the empirical testing (i.e., prevalence and bias-adjusted kappa scores > 0.8).CONCLUSIONS: This work provides the Spanish-speaking population with a rigorous and validated BCTTv1 translation which can be used in both research and practice to provide a greater level of intervention detail for evidence synthesis, comparison, and replication of behaviour change interventions. The translation process described here may prove helpful to guide future translation efforts in behavioural science and beyond.

AB - BACKGROUND: Precise and unequivocal specification of intervention content is key to facilitating the accumulation and implementation of knowledge. The Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1) is the most widely used classification of behaviour change techniques (BCTs), providing a shared, standardized vocabulary to identify the active ingredients of behavioural interventions. However, the BCTTv1 is only available in English and this hampers its broad use and adoption. The aim of the present article is to report the process of translation of the BCTTv1 into Spanish.METHODS: A bilingual team led the translation of the BCTTv1, involving seven iterative steps: (i) establish a Committee, (ii) forward translation from English to Spanish, (iii) back translation from Spanish to English, (iv) comparison of original BCTTv1 and back translation, (v) opportunistic comparison against an independent BCTTv1 translation, (vi) empirical testing, and (vii) final Committee review.RESULTS: Changes as a result of the translation process included relabelling BCTs, amending definitions, and fixing conceptual and grammatical inconsistencies, yielding the final version. Very satisfactory inter-coder reliability in BCT identification was observed as part of the empirical testing (i.e., prevalence and bias-adjusted kappa scores > 0.8).CONCLUSIONS: This work provides the Spanish-speaking population with a rigorous and validated BCTTv1 translation which can be used in both research and practice to provide a greater level of intervention detail for evidence synthesis, comparison, and replication of behaviour change interventions. The translation process described here may prove helpful to guide future translation efforts in behavioural science and beyond.

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DO - 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21388.1

M3 - Article

C2 - 39323609

SN - 2398-502X

VL - 9

JO - Wellcome open research

JF - Wellcome open research

M1 - 298

ER -

Translating the behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 into Spanish: Methodology and validation

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Data Availability Statement

Funding

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