Abstract
Hydroxyapatite has been shown to be biocompatible and bioactive. Incorporation of porosity has been shown to enhance osteointegration; however, difficulty in controlling the extent and type of porosity has limited investigation into determining the role of both macro- and microporosity. The current investigation reports on the synthesis of four types of phase-pure hydroxyapatite with varying levels of porosity (HA1-HA4), and with defined levels of macro- and microporosities. Transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate qualitatively the effect of these two parameters on cell-material interactions following a 30-day incubation period. Biological mineralization was observed within vesicles and the needle-like minerals were confirmed as hydroxyapatite using X-ray microanalysis. This demonstrated the suitability of primary human osteoblast-like cells as a tool to assess the extent of mineralization. Furthermore, internalization of hydroxyapatite particles was observed. Our findings show that the variation in macro- and microporosity does not affect the extent of cell-material interaction, with collagen synthesis evident in all samples.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 97-109 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Journal of Microscopy |
Volume | 216 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2004 |
Keywords
- hydroxyapatite
- macroporosity
- microporosity
- osteoblasts
- transmission electron microscopy
- POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE
- BETA-GLYCEROPHOSPHATE
- OSTEOBLAST PHENOTYPE
- BONE INGROWTH
- PARTICLES
- INVITRO
- GROWTH
- DIFFERENTIATION
- MORPHOLOGY
- CERAMICS