ATMO-Vent: an adapted breathing atmosphere for COVID-19 patients

Thasshwin Mathanlal; Miracle Israel Nazarious; Roberto Mantas-Nakhai; Maria-Paz Zorzano Mier; Javier Martin-Torres

doi:10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00145

ATMO-Vent: an adapted breathing atmosphere for COVID-19 patients

Thasshwin Mathanlal^* (Corresponding Author), Miracle Israel Nazarious, Roberto Mantas-Nakhai, Maria-Paz Zorzano Mier, Javier Martin-Torres

^*Corresponding author for this work

Planetary Sciences, Geography

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

The ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been one of the most significant challenges to humankind in centuries. The extremely contagious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has put forth an immense pressure on the health sector. In order to mitigate the stress on the healthcare systems especially to battle the crisis of mechanical ventilators, we have designed a modular, and robust DIY ventilator, ATMO-Vent (Atmospheric Mixture Optimization Ventilator) which can be fully mounted within two days by two operators. The ATMO-Vent has been designed using low-cost, robust, Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components, with many features comparable to a full-fledged ventilator. ATMO-Vent has been designed based on the United Kingdom Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK-MHRA) guidelines for Rapidly Manufactured Ventilator System (RMVS), yet is scalable to the specific requirements of different countries. ATMO-Vent is capable of adjusting the Fraction of Inspiratory Oxygen (FiO 2) levels, Tidal Volume (TV), frequency of breaths, Inspiratory/Expiratory ratio (I/E), Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP) and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP). ATMO-Vent can operate in two modes - Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) using Volume-Controlled Ventilation (VCV) and in Assisted Control (AC) mode with pressure triggered by the patient. ATMO-Vent has undergone rigorous testing and qualifies under Class B Electric and Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements of EN 55,011 CISPR 11 standards.

Original language	English
Article number	e00145
Number of pages	25
Journal	HardwareX
Volume	8
Early online date	26 Sept 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00145
Publication status	Published - Oct 2020

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgements:
The authors of the paper would like to acknowledge Andreas Nilsson from Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering of the Luleå University of Technology (LTU), Sweden, for his support in procurement and EMC testing of the ATMO-Vent. The authors would also like to thank Luleå University of Technology for access to facilities during the development of ATMO-Vent. The authors would like to acknowledge Teknikens Hus for their support in machining operations. MPZ has been partially funded by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) Project No. MDM-2017-0737 Unidad de Excelencia “María de Maeztu”- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC).

Keywords

Mechanical ventilator
air-oxygen mixing
low-cost
rapid development time
Commercial Off The Shelf
Low-cost
Commercial off the shelf
Air-oxygen mixing
Rapid development time

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Cite this

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abstract = "The ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been one of the most significant challenges to humankind in centuries. The extremely contagious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has put forth an immense pressure on the health sector. In order to mitigate the stress on the healthcare systems especially to battle the crisis of mechanical ventilators, we have designed a modular, and robust DIY ventilator, ATMO-Vent (Atmospheric Mixture Optimization Ventilator) which can be fully mounted within two days by two operators. The ATMO-Vent has been designed using low-cost, robust, Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components, with many features comparable to a full-fledged ventilator. ATMO-Vent has been designed based on the United Kingdom Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK-MHRA) guidelines for Rapidly Manufactured Ventilator System (RMVS), yet is scalable to the specific requirements of different countries. ATMO-Vent is capable of adjusting the Fraction of Inspiratory Oxygen (FiO 2) levels, Tidal Volume (TV), frequency of breaths, Inspiratory/Expiratory ratio (I/E), Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP) and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP). ATMO-Vent can operate in two modes - Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) using Volume-Controlled Ventilation (VCV) and in Assisted Control (AC) mode with pressure triggered by the patient. ATMO-Vent has undergone rigorous testing and qualifies under Class B Electric and Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements of EN 55,011 CISPR 11 standards. ",

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note = "Acknowledgements: The authors of the paper would like to acknowledge Andreas Nilsson from Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering of the Lule{\aa} University of Technology (LTU), Sweden, for his support in procurement and EMC testing of the ATMO-Vent. The authors would also like to thank Lule{\aa} University of Technology for access to facilities during the development of ATMO-Vent. The authors would like to acknowledge Teknikens Hus for their support in machining operations. MPZ has been partially funded by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) Project No. MDM-2017-0737 Unidad de Excelencia “Mar{\'i}a de Maeztu”- Centro de Astrobiolog{\'i}a (INTA-CSIC).",

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AU - Martin-Torres, Javier

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ATMO-Vent: an adapted breathing atmosphere for COVID-19 patients

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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