Catch of the Day: New Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Antibody Is a Valuable Tool to Study Fish Health in Salmonids

Ralfs Buks; Abdo Alnabulsi; Rodanthi Zindrili; Ayham Alnabulsi; Alex Wang; Tiehui Wang; Samuel A.M. Martin

doi:10.3390/cells12162097

Catch of the Day: New Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Antibody Is a Valuable Tool to Study Fish Health in Salmonids

Ralfs Buks^* (Corresponding Author), Abdo Alnabulsi, Rodanthi Zindrili, Ayham Alnabulsi, Alex Wang, Tiehui Wang, Samuel A.M. Martin^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Vertebrate Antibodies

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

1 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins belong to a family of acute-phase reactants, playing an integral role in defending the organism from pathological damage. Despite a wealth of data on the regulation of SAA transcripts in teleosts, there is only limited information on these proteins’ abundance in fish. The aim of this study is to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids using a newly developed antibody specific to salmonid SAA. The salmonid SAA antibody detected SAA and accurately discriminated between stimulated and control specimens from rainbow trout macrophage cell line (RTS-11) in vitro, as well as rainbow trout challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida- or flagellin-stimulated Atlantic salmon in vivo. The presence of SAA protein was analysed in RTS-11 cell line supernatants, liver, and spleen samples using ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. This study is the first to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids in vivo and in vitro. The newly developed salmonid SAA antibody was able to discriminate between stimulated and unstimulated specimens, showing that it can be used to study the acute-phase response in salmonids with the potential to be further developed into assays to monitor and evaluate health in wild and farmed fish.

Original language	English
Article number	2097
Number of pages	16
Journal	Cells
Volume	12
Issue number	16
Early online date	19 Aug 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12162097
Publication status	Published - 19 Aug 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding
This work was funded by the United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI) through the Innovate UK programme: Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTP) (partnership No. KTP12327) and Vertebrate Antibodies Ltd. (VAL).
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Aquarium team at the University of Aberdeen and Dean Porter and Marlene Lorgen-Ritchie for their support in fish procedures. The authors thank the lab technical support provided by Dawn Shewring and Heather Richmond. We thank Craig Christie for the comments on the final manuscript. The authors acknowledge the University of Aberdeen Microscopy and Histology Core Facility, namely, Lucinda Wight and Gillian Milne, for their support and assistance in this work. We thank David A. Stead, Kate Burgoyne, and Craig Pattinson (Aberdeen Proteomics) for performing proteomics sample preparation and analysis. The authors thank the Innovate UK Knowledge Transfer Network (KTN), namely, Ian Heywood, Emma Craig, and Lauren Reynolds, for their assistance in the KTP project coordination.

Data Availability Statement

The data presented in this study are contained within the article and supplementary material.

Keywords

serum amyloid A (SAA)
SAA antibody
SAA recombinant protein
RTS-11 cell line
salmonids
research tools
fish health

Access to Document

10.3390/cells12162097Licence: CC BY

Buks_etal_C_Catch_OF_The_VoR
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Final published version, 3.12 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{2f1598c2de32457c9993ef61ea7e0d25,

title = "Catch of the Day: New Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Antibody Is a Valuable Tool to Study Fish Health in Salmonids",

abstract = "Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins belong to a family of acute-phase reactants, playing an integral role in defending the organism from pathological damage. Despite a wealth of data on the regulation of SAA transcripts in teleosts, there is only limited information on these proteins{\textquoteright} abundance in fish. The aim of this study is to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids using a newly developed antibody specific to salmonid SAA. The salmonid SAA antibody detected SAA and accurately discriminated between stimulated and control specimens from rainbow trout macrophage cell line (RTS-11) in vitro, as well as rainbow trout challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida- or flagellin-stimulated Atlantic salmon in vivo. The presence of SAA protein was analysed in RTS-11 cell line supernatants, liver, and spleen samples using ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. This study is the first to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids in vivo and in vitro. The newly developed salmonid SAA antibody was able to discriminate between stimulated and unstimulated specimens, showing that it can be used to study the acute-phase response in salmonids with the potential to be further developed into assays to monitor and evaluate health in wild and farmed fish.",

keywords = "serum amyloid A (SAA), SAA antibody, SAA recombinant protein, RTS-11 cell line, salmonids, research tools, fish health",

author = "Ralfs Buks and Abdo Alnabulsi and Rodanthi Zindrili and Ayham Alnabulsi and Alex Wang and Tiehui Wang and Martin, {Samuel A.M.}",

note = "Funding This work was funded by the United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI) through the Innovate UK programme: Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTP) (partnership No. KTP12327) and Vertebrate Antibodies Ltd. (VAL). Acknowledgments The authors thank the Aquarium team at the University of Aberdeen and Dean Porter and Marlene Lorgen-Ritchie for their support in fish procedures. The authors thank the lab technical support provided by Dawn Shewring and Heather Richmond. We thank Craig Christie for the comments on the final manuscript. The authors acknowledge the University of Aberdeen Microscopy and Histology Core Facility, namely, Lucinda Wight and Gillian Milne, for their support and assistance in this work. We thank David A. Stead, Kate Burgoyne, and Craig Pattinson (Aberdeen Proteomics) for performing proteomics sample preparation and analysis. The authors thank the Innovate UK Knowledge Transfer Network (KTN), namely, Ian Heywood, Emma Craig, and Lauren Reynolds, for their assistance in the KTP project coordination.",

year = "2023",

month = aug,

day = "19",

doi = "10.3390/cells12162097",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "Cells",

issn = "2073-4409",

publisher = "MDPI",

number = "16",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Catch of the Day

T2 - New Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Antibody Is a Valuable Tool to Study Fish Health in Salmonids

AU - Buks, Ralfs

AU - Alnabulsi, Abdo

AU - Zindrili, Rodanthi

AU - Alnabulsi, Ayham

AU - Wang, Alex

AU - Wang, Tiehui

AU - Martin, Samuel A.M.

N1 - Funding This work was funded by the United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI) through the Innovate UK programme: Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTP) (partnership No. KTP12327) and Vertebrate Antibodies Ltd. (VAL). Acknowledgments The authors thank the Aquarium team at the University of Aberdeen and Dean Porter and Marlene Lorgen-Ritchie for their support in fish procedures. The authors thank the lab technical support provided by Dawn Shewring and Heather Richmond. We thank Craig Christie for the comments on the final manuscript. The authors acknowledge the University of Aberdeen Microscopy and Histology Core Facility, namely, Lucinda Wight and Gillian Milne, for their support and assistance in this work. We thank David A. Stead, Kate Burgoyne, and Craig Pattinson (Aberdeen Proteomics) for performing proteomics sample preparation and analysis. The authors thank the Innovate UK Knowledge Transfer Network (KTN), namely, Ian Heywood, Emma Craig, and Lauren Reynolds, for their assistance in the KTP project coordination.

PY - 2023/8/19

Y1 - 2023/8/19

N2 - Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins belong to a family of acute-phase reactants, playing an integral role in defending the organism from pathological damage. Despite a wealth of data on the regulation of SAA transcripts in teleosts, there is only limited information on these proteins’ abundance in fish. The aim of this study is to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids using a newly developed antibody specific to salmonid SAA. The salmonid SAA antibody detected SAA and accurately discriminated between stimulated and control specimens from rainbow trout macrophage cell line (RTS-11) in vitro, as well as rainbow trout challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida- or flagellin-stimulated Atlantic salmon in vivo. The presence of SAA protein was analysed in RTS-11 cell line supernatants, liver, and spleen samples using ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. This study is the first to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids in vivo and in vitro. The newly developed salmonid SAA antibody was able to discriminate between stimulated and unstimulated specimens, showing that it can be used to study the acute-phase response in salmonids with the potential to be further developed into assays to monitor and evaluate health in wild and farmed fish.

AB - Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins belong to a family of acute-phase reactants, playing an integral role in defending the organism from pathological damage. Despite a wealth of data on the regulation of SAA transcripts in teleosts, there is only limited information on these proteins’ abundance in fish. The aim of this study is to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids using a newly developed antibody specific to salmonid SAA. The salmonid SAA antibody detected SAA and accurately discriminated between stimulated and control specimens from rainbow trout macrophage cell line (RTS-11) in vitro, as well as rainbow trout challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida- or flagellin-stimulated Atlantic salmon in vivo. The presence of SAA protein was analysed in RTS-11 cell line supernatants, liver, and spleen samples using ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. This study is the first to characterise SAA protein levels in salmonids in vivo and in vitro. The newly developed salmonid SAA antibody was able to discriminate between stimulated and unstimulated specimens, showing that it can be used to study the acute-phase response in salmonids with the potential to be further developed into assays to monitor and evaluate health in wild and farmed fish.

KW - serum amyloid A (SAA)

KW - SAA antibody

KW - SAA recombinant protein

KW - RTS-11 cell line

KW - salmonids

KW - research tools

KW - fish health

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85168739383&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/cells12162097

DO - 10.3390/cells12162097

M3 - Article

C2 - 37626907

SN - 2073-4409

VL - 12

JO - Cells

JF - Cells

IS - 16

M1 - 2097

ER -

Catch of the Day: New Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Antibody Is a Valuable Tool to Study Fish Health in Salmonids

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Data Availability Statement

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Microscopy and Histology

Cite this

Catch of the Day: New Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Antibody Is a Valuable Tool to Study Fish Health in Salmonids

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Data Availability Statement

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Equipment

Microscopy and Histology

Cite this