Cell entry of a host targeting protein of oomycetes requires gp96

Franziska Trusch; Lars Loebach; Stephan Wawra; Elaine Durward; Andreas Wuensch; Nurul Aqilah Iberahim; Irene De Bruijn; Kevin Scott MacKenzie; Ariane Willems; Aleksandra Toloczko-Grabarek; Javier Dieguez-Uribeondo; Tim Rasmussen; Thomas  Schrader; Peter Bayer; Christopher John Secombes; Pieter Van West

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04796-3

Cell entry of a host targeting protein of oomycetes requires gp96

Franziska Trusch, Lars Loebach, Stephan Wawra, Elaine Durward, Andreas Wuensch, Nurul Aqilah Iberahim, Irene De Bruijn, Kevin Scott MacKenzie, Ariane Willems, Aleksandra Toloczko-Grabarek, Javier Dieguez-Uribeondo, Tim Rasmussen, Thomas Schrader, Peter Bayer, Christopher John Secombes, Pieter Van West^* (Corresponding Author)

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

The animal-pathogenic oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica causes serious losses in aquaculture by infecting and killing freshwater fish. Like plant-pathogenic oomycetes, S. parasitica employs similar infection structures and secretes effector proteins that translocate into host cells to manipulate the host. Here, we show that the host-targeting protein SpHtp3 enters fish cells in a pathogen-independent manner. This uptake process is guided by a gp96-like receptor and can be inhibited by supramolecular tweezers. The C-terminus of SpHtp3 (containing the amino acid sequence YKARK), and not the N-terminal RxLR motif, is responsible for the uptake into host cells. Following translocation, SpHtp3 is released from vesicles into the cytoplasm by another host-targeting protein where it degrades nucleic acids. The effector translocation mechanism described here, is potentially also relevant for other pathogen–host interactions as gp96 is found in both animals and plants.

Original language	English
Article number	2347
Pages (from-to)	1-12
Number of pages	12
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04796-3
Publication status	Published - 14 Jun 2018

Bibliographical note

This work is supported by the [European Community’s] Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007–2013] under grant agreement no. [238550] (L.L., J.D.-U., C.J.S., P.v.W.); BBSRC [BBE007120/1, BB/J018333/1 and BB/G012075/1] (F.T., I.d.B., C.J.S., S.W., P.v.W.); Newton Global Partnership Award [BB/N005058/1] (F.T., P.v.W.), the University of Aberdeen (A.D.T., T.R., C.J.S., P.v.W.) and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [CRC1093] (P.B., T.S.). We would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for funding INA. We would like to thank Brian Haas for his bioinformatics support. We would like to acknowledge Neil Gow and Johannes van den Boom for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to acknowledge Svetlana Rezinciuc for technical help with pH-studies.

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Cell entry of a host-targeting protein of oomycetes
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Pieter van West
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Trusch, F., Loebach, L., Wawra, S., Durward, E., Wuensch, A., Iberahim, N. A., De Bruijn, I., MacKenzie, K. S., Willems, A., Toloczko-Grabarek, A., Dieguez-Uribeondo, J., Rasmussen, T., Schrader, T., Bayer, P., Secombes, C. J., & Van West, P. (2018). Cell entry of a host targeting protein of oomycetes requires gp96. Nature Communications, 9, 1-12. Article 2347. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04796-3

Trusch, F, Loebach, L, Wawra, S, Durward, E, Wuensch, A, Iberahim, NA, De Bruijn, I, MacKenzie, KS, Willems, A, Toloczko-Grabarek, A, Dieguez-Uribeondo, J, Rasmussen, T, Schrader, T, Bayer, P, Secombes, CJ & Van West, P 2018, 'Cell entry of a host targeting protein of oomycetes requires gp96', Nature Communications, vol. 9, 2347, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04796-3

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title = "Cell entry of a host targeting protein of oomycetes requires gp96",

abstract = "The animal-pathogenic oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica causes serious losses in aquaculture by infecting and killing freshwater fish. Like plant-pathogenic oomycetes, S. parasitica employs similar infection structures and secretes effector proteins that translocate into host cells to manipulate the host. Here, we show that the host-targeting protein SpHtp3 enters fish cells in a pathogen-independent manner. This uptake process is guided by a gp96-like receptor and can be inhibited by supramolecular tweezers. The C-terminus of SpHtp3 (containing the amino acid sequence YKARK), and not the N-terminal RxLR motif, is responsible for the uptake into host cells. Following translocation, SpHtp3 is released from vesicles into the cytoplasm by another host-targeting protein where it degrades nucleic acids. The effector translocation mechanism described here, is potentially also relevant for other pathogen–host interactions as gp96 is found in both animals and plants.",

author = "Franziska Trusch and Lars Loebach and Stephan Wawra and Elaine Durward and Andreas Wuensch and Iberahim, {Nurul Aqilah} and {De Bruijn}, Irene and MacKenzie, {Kevin Scott} and Ariane Willems and Aleksandra Toloczko-Grabarek and Javier Dieguez-Uribeondo and Tim Rasmussen and Thomas Schrader and Peter Bayer and Secombes, {Christopher John} and {Van West}, Pieter",

note = "This work is supported by the [European Community{\textquoteright}s] Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007–2013] under grant agreement no. [238550] (L.L., J.D.-U., C.J.S., P.v.W.); BBSRC [BBE007120/1, BB/J018333/1 and BB/G012075/1] (F.T., I.d.B., C.J.S., S.W., P.v.W.); Newton Global Partnership Award [BB/N005058/1] (F.T., P.v.W.), the University of Aberdeen (A.D.T., T.R., C.J.S., P.v.W.) and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [CRC1093] (P.B., T.S.). We would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for funding INA. We would like to thank Brian Haas for his bioinformatics support. We would like to acknowledge Neil Gow and Johannes van den Boom for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to acknowledge Svetlana Rezinciuc for technical help with pH-studies.",

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AU - Loebach, Lars

AU - Wawra, Stephan

AU - Durward, Elaine

AU - Wuensch, Andreas

AU - Iberahim, Nurul Aqilah

AU - De Bruijn, Irene

AU - MacKenzie, Kevin Scott

AU - Willems, Ariane

AU - Toloczko-Grabarek, Aleksandra

AU - Dieguez-Uribeondo, Javier

AU - Rasmussen, Tim

AU - Schrader, Thomas

AU - Bayer, Peter

AU - Secombes, Christopher John

AU - Van West, Pieter

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N2 - The animal-pathogenic oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica causes serious losses in aquaculture by infecting and killing freshwater fish. Like plant-pathogenic oomycetes, S. parasitica employs similar infection structures and secretes effector proteins that translocate into host cells to manipulate the host. Here, we show that the host-targeting protein SpHtp3 enters fish cells in a pathogen-independent manner. This uptake process is guided by a gp96-like receptor and can be inhibited by supramolecular tweezers. The C-terminus of SpHtp3 (containing the amino acid sequence YKARK), and not the N-terminal RxLR motif, is responsible for the uptake into host cells. Following translocation, SpHtp3 is released from vesicles into the cytoplasm by another host-targeting protein where it degrades nucleic acids. The effector translocation mechanism described here, is potentially also relevant for other pathogen–host interactions as gp96 is found in both animals and plants.

AB - The animal-pathogenic oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica causes serious losses in aquaculture by infecting and killing freshwater fish. Like plant-pathogenic oomycetes, S. parasitica employs similar infection structures and secretes effector proteins that translocate into host cells to manipulate the host. Here, we show that the host-targeting protein SpHtp3 enters fish cells in a pathogen-independent manner. This uptake process is guided by a gp96-like receptor and can be inhibited by supramolecular tweezers. The C-terminus of SpHtp3 (containing the amino acid sequence YKARK), and not the N-terminal RxLR motif, is responsible for the uptake into host cells. Following translocation, SpHtp3 is released from vesicles into the cytoplasm by another host-targeting protein where it degrades nucleic acids. The effector translocation mechanism described here, is potentially also relevant for other pathogen–host interactions as gp96 is found in both animals and plants.

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JO - Nature Communications

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Cell entry of a host targeting protein of oomycetes requires gp96

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Pieter van West

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