TY - CHAP
T1 - Cholinomimetic actions of memantine on learning and hippocampal plasticity
AU - Drever, Benjamin
AU - Anderson, William
AU - Johnson, Helena
AU - O'Callaghan, Matthew
AU - Seo, Sangwan
AU - Choi, Deog Young
AU - Riedel, Gernot
AU - Platt, Bettina
PY - 2011/12/1
Y1 - 2011/12/1
N2 - The non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist memantine, currently prescribed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, is assumed to prevent the excitotoxicity implicated in neurodegenerative processes. Here, we investigated the actions of memantine on hippocampal function and signalling. In behavioural experiments using the water maze, we observed that memantine (at 2 mg/kg) reversed scopolamine-induced learning deficits in mice. When acutely applied to mouse hippocampal slices, memantine caused a significant upward shift in the population spike input-output relationship at 10 and 100 μM, and a corresponding downward shift in latency, indicative of overall enhanced synaptic transmission. This action was blocked by the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (10 μM) but not by the NMDA antagonist MK-801 (10 μM) or the GABA antagonist bicuculline (20 μM). Further, memantine occluded potentiation induced by 50 nM carbachol (CCh), while enhancing inhibitory actions of CCh at 1 μM, suggesting additive actions. As anticipated for an NMDA antagonist, 100 μM (but not 10 μM) memantine also inhibited tetanus-induced long-term potentiation (LTP), and NMDA-induced Ca 2+ signals were blocked in cultured hippocampal neurones at 10 μM (by 88%). Overall, our data suggest actions of memantine beyond NMDA receptor antagonism, including stimulating effects on cholinergic signalling via muscarinic receptors. These interactions with the cholinergic system are likely to contribute to memantine's therapeutic potential.
AB - The non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist memantine, currently prescribed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, is assumed to prevent the excitotoxicity implicated in neurodegenerative processes. Here, we investigated the actions of memantine on hippocampal function and signalling. In behavioural experiments using the water maze, we observed that memantine (at 2 mg/kg) reversed scopolamine-induced learning deficits in mice. When acutely applied to mouse hippocampal slices, memantine caused a significant upward shift in the population spike input-output relationship at 10 and 100 μM, and a corresponding downward shift in latency, indicative of overall enhanced synaptic transmission. This action was blocked by the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (10 μM) but not by the NMDA antagonist MK-801 (10 μM) or the GABA antagonist bicuculline (20 μM). Further, memantine occluded potentiation induced by 50 nM carbachol (CCh), while enhancing inhibitory actions of CCh at 1 μM, suggesting additive actions. As anticipated for an NMDA antagonist, 100 μM (but not 10 μM) memantine also inhibited tetanus-induced long-term potentiation (LTP), and NMDA-induced Ca 2+ signals were blocked in cultured hippocampal neurones at 10 μM (by 88%). Overall, our data suggest actions of memantine beyond NMDA receptor antagonism, including stimulating effects on cholinergic signalling via muscarinic receptors. These interactions with the cholinergic system are likely to contribute to memantine's therapeutic potential.
KW - acetylcholine
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - learning
KW - LTP
KW - muscarinic
KW - neuroprotection
KW - NMDA
KW - synaptic transmission
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84865494499&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3233/978-1-60750-733-8-297
DO - 10.3233/978-1-60750-733-8-297
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84865494499
SN - 9781607507321
T3 - Advances in Alzheimer's Disease
SP - 297
EP - 316
BT - Handbook of Animal Models in Alzheimer's Disease
ER -