Abstract
We propose a theory based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe the mechanical behavior of an active polymer gel created by the inclusion of molecular motors in its solvent. When activated, these motors attach to the chains of the polymer network and shorten them creating a global contraction of the gel, which mimics the active behavior of a cytoskeleton. The power generated by these motors is obtained by an ATP hydrolysis reaction, which transduces chemical energy into mechanical work. The latter is described by an increment of strain energy in the gel due to an increased stiffness. This effect is described with an increment of the cross-link density in the polymer network, which reduces its entropy. The theory then considers polymer network swelling and species diffusion to describe the transient passive behavior of the gel. We finally formulate the problem of uniaxial contraction of a slab of gel and compare the results with experiments, showing good agreement.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 4467-4475 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Soft matter |
Volume | 15 |
Issue number | 22 |
Early online date | 21 May 2019 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 14 Jun 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Theoretical calculations were supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), under the Discovery Grant. Computations were supported by the Institute for Computing, Information and Cognitive Systems (ICICS), at the University of British Columbia. Comparison to experiments was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under Award DESC0014427.Keywords
- polymer gels
- molecular motors
- Thermodynamics