Dietary Fat, but Not Protein or Carbohydrate, Regulates Energy Intake and Causes Adiposity in Mice

Sumei Hu; Lu Wang; Dengbao Yang; Li Li; Jacques Togo; Yingga Wu; Quansheng Liu; Baoguo Li; Min Li; Guanlin Wang; Xueying Zhang; Chaoqun Niu; Jianbo Li; Yanchao Xu; Elspeth Couper; Andrew Whittington-Davies; Mohsen Mazidi; Lijuan Luo; Shengnan Wang; Alex Douglas; John R Speakman

doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.010

Dietary Fat, but Not Protein or Carbohydrate, Regulates Energy Intake and Causes Adiposity in Mice

Sumei Hu, Lu Wang, Dengbao Yang, Li Li, Jacques Togo, Yingga Wu, Quansheng Liu, Baoguo Li, Min Li, Guanlin Wang, Xueying Zhang, Chaoqun Niu, Jianbo Li, Yanchao Xu, Elspeth Couper, Andrew Whittington-Davies, Mohsen Mazidi, Lijuan Luo, Shengnan Wang, Alex DouglasJohn R Speakman

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Abstract

The impacts of different macronutrients on body weight regulation remain unresolved, with different studies suggesting increased dietary fat, increased carbohydrates (particularly sugars), or reduced protein may all stimulate overconsumption and drive obesity. We exposed C57BL/6 mice to 29 different diets varying from 8.3% to 80% fat, 10% to 80% carbohydrate, 5% to 30% protein, and 5% to 30% sucrose. Only increased dietary fat content was associated with elevated energy intake and adiposity. This response was associated with increased gene expression in the 5-HT receptors, and the dopamine and opioid signaling pathways in the hypothalamus. We replicated the core findings in four other mouse strains (DBA/2, BALB/c, FVB, and C3H). Mice regulate their food consumption primarily to meet an energy rather than a protein target, but this system can be over-ridden by hedonic factors linked to fat, but not sucrose, consumption.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	415-431
Number of pages	15
Journal	Cell Metabolism
Volume	28
Issue number	3
Early online date	12 Jul 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.010
Publication status	Published - 4 Sept 2018

Bibliographical note

Full details of methods and materials are provided in the supplementary materials and the project has been registered at the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YH9GZ). The study was funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Program (XDB13030100), the 1000 Talents program, and a Wolfson merit award to J.R.S., and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570409) and funds from Guangdong Academy of Sciences (2017GDASCX-0107) to Q.L.

Keywords

Journal Article
fat intake
sucrose intake
protein leverage hypothesis
energy regulation
hedonic overdrive
mice
hypothalamic hunger pathway
obesity
FGF signalling
mTOR signalling

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.010Licence: Other

Cell Metabolism Accepted ManuscriptAccepted author manuscript, 8.45 MBLicence: Other

John Speakman
- Biological Sciences, Aberdeen Centre For Environmental Sustainability - Chair in Zoology
- Energetics Research Group
Person: Academic

Cite this

Hu, S., Wang, L., Yang, D., Li, L., Togo, J., Wu, Y., Liu, Q., Li, B., Li, M., Wang, G., Zhang, X., Niu, C., Li, J., Xu, Y., Couper, E., Whittington-Davies, A., Mazidi, M., Luo, L., Wang, S., ... Speakman, J. R. (2018). Dietary Fat, but Not Protein or Carbohydrate, Regulates Energy Intake and Causes Adiposity in Mice. Cell Metabolism, 28(3), 415-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.010

Hu, S, Wang, L, Yang, D, Li, L, Togo, J, Wu, Y, Liu, Q, Li, B, Li, M, Wang, G, Zhang, X, Niu, C, Li, J, Xu, Y, Couper, E, Whittington-Davies, A, Mazidi, M, Luo, L, Wang, S, Douglas, A & Speakman, JR 2018, 'Dietary Fat, but Not Protein or Carbohydrate, Regulates Energy Intake and Causes Adiposity in Mice', Cell Metabolism, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 415-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.010

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abstract = "The impacts of different macronutrients on body weight regulation remain unresolved, with different studies suggesting increased dietary fat, increased carbohydrates (particularly sugars), or reduced protein may all stimulate overconsumption and drive obesity. We exposed C57BL/6 mice to 29 different diets varying from 8.3% to 80% fat, 10% to 80% carbohydrate, 5% to 30% protein, and 5% to 30% sucrose. Only increased dietary fat content was associated with elevated energy intake and adiposity. This response was associated with increased gene expression in the 5-HT receptors, and the dopamine and opioid signaling pathways in the hypothalamus. We replicated the core findings in four other mouse strains (DBA/2, BALB/c, FVB, and C3H). Mice regulate their food consumption primarily to meet an energy rather than a protein target, but this system can be over-ridden by hedonic factors linked to fat, but not sucrose, consumption.",

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AU - Togo, Jacques

AU - Wu, Yingga

AU - Liu, Quansheng

AU - Li, Baoguo

AU - Li, Min

AU - Wang, Guanlin

AU - Zhang, Xueying

AU - Niu, Chaoqun

AU - Li, Jianbo

AU - Xu, Yanchao

AU - Couper, Elspeth

AU - Whittington-Davies, Andrew

AU - Mazidi, Mohsen

AU - Luo, Lijuan

AU - Wang, Shengnan

AU - Douglas, Alex

AU - Speakman, John R

N1 - Full details of methods and materials are provided in the supplementary materials and the project has been registered at the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YH9GZ). The study was funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Program (XDB13030100), the 1000 Talents program, and a Wolfson merit award to J.R.S., and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570409) and funds from Guangdong Academy of Sciences (2017GDASCX-0107) to Q.L.

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Dietary Fat, but Not Protein or Carbohydrate, Regulates Energy Intake and Causes Adiposity in Mice

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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John Speakman

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