Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

Md Dhin Islam; Adam H. Price; Paul D. Hallett

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017

Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

Md Dhin Islam^*, Adam H. Price, Paul D. Hallett

^*Corresponding author for this work

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Rice is often grown as multiple seasons in one year, alternating between flooded and upland systems. A major constraint, introduced from the flooded system, is a plough pan that may decrease rooting depth and productivity of follow-on upland rice. Roots penetrating the plough pan under flooded rice system can leave a legacy of weaker root growth pathways. Deeper rooting rice cultivars could have a bigger impact, but no direct evidence is available. To explore whether a deep rather than a shallow rooting rice cultivar grown in a flooded cropping cycle benefited deeper root growth of follow-on rice in an upland, reduced tillage cropping cycle, a simulated flooded paddy in greenhouse was planted with deep (Black Gora) and shallow (IR64) rooting cultivars and a plant-free control. Artificial plough pans were made in between the topsoil and subsoil to form different treatments with no plough pan (0.35 MPa), soft plough pan (1.03 MPa) and hard plough pan (1.70 MPa). After harvest of this ‘first season’ rice, the soil was drained and undisturbed to simulate zero-tillage upland and planted rice cultivar BRRI Dhan 28. The overall root length density (RLD), root surface area, the numbers of root tips and branching of BRRI Dhan 28 did not vary between plough pan and no plough pan treatments. Compared with the shallow rooting rice genotype, the deep rooting rice genotype as ‘first season’ crop produced 19% greater RLD, 34% greater surface area and 29% more branching of BRRI Dhan 28 in the subsoil. In the topsoil, however, BRRI Dhan 28 had 28% greater RLD, 35% greater surface area and 43% more branching for the shallow rather than deep rooting genotype planted in the ‘first season’. The results suggested that rice cultivar selection for a paddy cycle affects root growth of a follow-on rice crop grown under no-till, with benefits to subsoil access from deep rooting cultivars and topsoil proliferation for shallow rooting cultivars.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	459-472
Number of pages	14
Journal	Rice Science
Volume	30
Issue number	5
Early online date	23 Aug 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017
Publication status	Published - Sept 2023

Bibliographical note

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This study was funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the UK. We thank Annette Raffan, Yehia Hazzazi, Licida Maria Giuliani, Faraj Elsakloul and Luke Harrold for their constructive discussion during and after setting up the experiment. We are also thankful to Dr. Stewart J. Chalmers for the X-ray CT Scanning and to Jaime Buckingham for laboratory assistance.

Funding Information:
This study was funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the UK . We thank Annette R affan , Yehia H azzazi , Licida Maria G iuliani , Faraj E lsakloul and Luke H arrold for their constructive discussion during and after setting up the experiment. We are also thankful to Dr. Stewart J. C halmers for the X-ray CT Scanning and to Jaime B uckingham for laboratory assistance.

Keywords

biopores
crop rotation
Oryza sativa
plough pan
preceding crop
root growth
zero-tillage

Access to Document

10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017Licence: CC BY

Islam_etal_RS_Effects_of_Roots_VOR
Copyright © 2023, China National Rice Research Institute. Hosting by Elsevier B V This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer review under responsibility of China National Rice Research Institute http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017
Final published version, 1.75 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

@article{604ea57980bd4d3180e03626105b4428,

title = "Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth",

abstract = "Rice is often grown as multiple seasons in one year, alternating between flooded and upland systems. A major constraint, introduced from the flooded system, is a plough pan that may decrease rooting depth and productivity of follow-on upland rice. Roots penetrating the plough pan under flooded rice system can leave a legacy of weaker root growth pathways. Deeper rooting rice cultivars could have a bigger impact, but no direct evidence is available. To explore whether a deep rather than a shallow rooting rice cultivar grown in a flooded cropping cycle benefited deeper root growth of follow-on rice in an upland, reduced tillage cropping cycle, a simulated flooded paddy in greenhouse was planted with deep (Black Gora) and shallow (IR64) rooting cultivars and a plant-free control. Artificial plough pans were made in between the topsoil and subsoil to form different treatments with no plough pan (0.35 MPa), soft plough pan (1.03 MPa) and hard plough pan (1.70 MPa). After harvest of this {\textquoteleft}first season{\textquoteright} rice, the soil was drained and undisturbed to simulate zero-tillage upland and planted rice cultivar BRRI Dhan 28. The overall root length density (RLD), root surface area, the numbers of root tips and branching of BRRI Dhan 28 did not vary between plough pan and no plough pan treatments. Compared with the shallow rooting rice genotype, the deep rooting rice genotype as {\textquoteleft}first season{\textquoteright} crop produced 19% greater RLD, 34% greater surface area and 29% more branching of BRRI Dhan 28 in the subsoil. In the topsoil, however, BRRI Dhan 28 had 28% greater RLD, 35% greater surface area and 43% more branching for the shallow rather than deep rooting genotype planted in the {\textquoteleft}first season{\textquoteright}. The results suggested that rice cultivar selection for a paddy cycle affects root growth of a follow-on rice crop grown under no-till, with benefits to subsoil access from deep rooting cultivars and topsoil proliferation for shallow rooting cultivars.",

keywords = "biopores, crop rotation, Oryza sativa, plough pan, preceding crop, root growth, zero-tillage",

author = "Islam, {Md Dhin} and Price, {Adam H.} and Hallett, {Paul D.}",

note = "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the UK. We thank Annette Raffan, Yehia Hazzazi, Licida Maria Giuliani, Faraj Elsakloul and Luke Harrold for their constructive discussion during and after setting up the experiment. We are also thankful to Dr. Stewart J. Chalmers for the X-ray CT Scanning and to Jaime Buckingham for laboratory assistance. Funding Information: This study was funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the UK . We thank Annette R affan , Yehia H azzazi , Licida Maria G iuliani , Faraj E lsakloul and Luke H arrold for their constructive discussion during and after setting up the experiment. We are also thankful to Dr. Stewart J. C halmers for the X-ray CT Scanning and to Jaime B uckingham for laboratory assistance. ",

year = "2023",

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doi = "10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017",

language = "English",

volume = "30",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

AU - Islam, Md Dhin

AU - Price, Adam H.

AU - Hallett, Paul D.

N1 - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the UK. We thank Annette Raffan, Yehia Hazzazi, Licida Maria Giuliani, Faraj Elsakloul and Luke Harrold for their constructive discussion during and after setting up the experiment. We are also thankful to Dr. Stewart J. Chalmers for the X-ray CT Scanning and to Jaime Buckingham for laboratory assistance. Funding Information: This study was funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the UK . We thank Annette R affan , Yehia H azzazi , Licida Maria G iuliani , Faraj E lsakloul and Luke H arrold for their constructive discussion during and after setting up the experiment. We are also thankful to Dr. Stewart J. C halmers for the X-ray CT Scanning and to Jaime B uckingham for laboratory assistance.

PY - 2023/9

Y1 - 2023/9

N2 - Rice is often grown as multiple seasons in one year, alternating between flooded and upland systems. A major constraint, introduced from the flooded system, is a plough pan that may decrease rooting depth and productivity of follow-on upland rice. Roots penetrating the plough pan under flooded rice system can leave a legacy of weaker root growth pathways. Deeper rooting rice cultivars could have a bigger impact, but no direct evidence is available. To explore whether a deep rather than a shallow rooting rice cultivar grown in a flooded cropping cycle benefited deeper root growth of follow-on rice in an upland, reduced tillage cropping cycle, a simulated flooded paddy in greenhouse was planted with deep (Black Gora) and shallow (IR64) rooting cultivars and a plant-free control. Artificial plough pans were made in between the topsoil and subsoil to form different treatments with no plough pan (0.35 MPa), soft plough pan (1.03 MPa) and hard plough pan (1.70 MPa). After harvest of this ‘first season’ rice, the soil was drained and undisturbed to simulate zero-tillage upland and planted rice cultivar BRRI Dhan 28. The overall root length density (RLD), root surface area, the numbers of root tips and branching of BRRI Dhan 28 did not vary between plough pan and no plough pan treatments. Compared with the shallow rooting rice genotype, the deep rooting rice genotype as ‘first season’ crop produced 19% greater RLD, 34% greater surface area and 29% more branching of BRRI Dhan 28 in the subsoil. In the topsoil, however, BRRI Dhan 28 had 28% greater RLD, 35% greater surface area and 43% more branching for the shallow rather than deep rooting genotype planted in the ‘first season’. The results suggested that rice cultivar selection for a paddy cycle affects root growth of a follow-on rice crop grown under no-till, with benefits to subsoil access from deep rooting cultivars and topsoil proliferation for shallow rooting cultivars.

AB - Rice is often grown as multiple seasons in one year, alternating between flooded and upland systems. A major constraint, introduced from the flooded system, is a plough pan that may decrease rooting depth and productivity of follow-on upland rice. Roots penetrating the plough pan under flooded rice system can leave a legacy of weaker root growth pathways. Deeper rooting rice cultivars could have a bigger impact, but no direct evidence is available. To explore whether a deep rather than a shallow rooting rice cultivar grown in a flooded cropping cycle benefited deeper root growth of follow-on rice in an upland, reduced tillage cropping cycle, a simulated flooded paddy in greenhouse was planted with deep (Black Gora) and shallow (IR64) rooting cultivars and a plant-free control. Artificial plough pans were made in between the topsoil and subsoil to form different treatments with no plough pan (0.35 MPa), soft plough pan (1.03 MPa) and hard plough pan (1.70 MPa). After harvest of this ‘first season’ rice, the soil was drained and undisturbed to simulate zero-tillage upland and planted rice cultivar BRRI Dhan 28. The overall root length density (RLD), root surface area, the numbers of root tips and branching of BRRI Dhan 28 did not vary between plough pan and no plough pan treatments. Compared with the shallow rooting rice genotype, the deep rooting rice genotype as ‘first season’ crop produced 19% greater RLD, 34% greater surface area and 29% more branching of BRRI Dhan 28 in the subsoil. In the topsoil, however, BRRI Dhan 28 had 28% greater RLD, 35% greater surface area and 43% more branching for the shallow rather than deep rooting genotype planted in the ‘first season’. The results suggested that rice cultivar selection for a paddy cycle affects root growth of a follow-on rice crop grown under no-till, with benefits to subsoil access from deep rooting cultivars and topsoil proliferation for shallow rooting cultivars.

KW - biopores

KW - crop rotation

KW - Oryza sativa

KW - plough pan

KW - preceding crop

KW - root growth

KW - zero-tillage

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U2 - 10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017

DO - 10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017

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AN - SCOPUS:85169469757

SN - 1672-6308

VL - 30

SP - 459

EP - 472

JO - Rice Science

JF - Rice Science

IS - 5

ER -

Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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Data From Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

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Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Datasets

Data From Effects of Root Growth of Deep and Shallow Rooting Rice Cultivars in Compacted Paddy Soils on Subsequent Rice Growth

Cite this