Earth & Environmental Sciences
environmental cost
95%
bioenergy
86%
crop
55%
planting
30%
biomass
28%
fossil fuel
28%
organic carbon
23%
palatability
23%
field margin
21%
belowground biomass
20%
soil
19%
ripening
19%
water use efficiency
18%
upscaling
17%
shading
17%
habitat quality
17%
earthworm
17%
weed
17%
arable land
17%
soil structure
16%
cereal
16%
soil fertility
16%
energy use
16%
food production
16%
herbicide
16%
energy production
16%
water demand
15%
energy
15%
pasture
14%
litter
14%
pesticide
13%
wildlife
13%
fertilizer
13%
grassland
12%
leaching
11%
agriculture
11%
runoff
10%
disturbance
10%
productivity
10%
erosion
10%
water
9%
nitrogen
9%
oil
9%
carbon
8%
resource
8%
need
8%
loss
8%
cost
8%
chemical
7%
Agriculture & Biology
Miscanthus
100%
bioenergy
85%
fossil fuels
29%
soil organic carbon
29%
energy
22%
planting
20%
soil habitats
18%
belowground biomass
16%
biomass
15%
soil structure
15%
arable soils
14%
palatability
14%
energy costs
14%
grain crops
13%
earthworms
13%
water holding capacity
13%
food production
12%
wildlife
12%
leaching
12%
water use efficiency
12%
weed control
12%
soil fertility
11%
nitrogen fertilizers
11%
shade
11%
grasslands
11%
ripening
11%
soil water
10%
herbicides
10%
pesticides
10%
pastures
10%
agriculture
9%
carbon
8%
oils
8%
habitats
7%
crops
6%
water
5%
Engineering & Materials Science
Crops
85%
Soils
60%
Biomass
56%
Organic carbon
47%
Water
33%
Fossil fuels
30%
Costs
29%
Nitrogen fertilizers
28%
Herbicides
24%
Pesticides
21%
Leaching
18%
Agriculture
16%
Erosion
15%
Productivity
12%
Carbon
11%
Oils
9%
Antennas
9%