Environmental effects on arsenosugars and arsenolipids in Ectocarpus (Phaeophyta)

Ásta H Pétursdóttir; Kyle Fletcher; Helga Gunnlaugsdóttir; Eva Krupp; Frithjof Küpper; Jörg Feldmann

doi:10.1071/EN14229

Environmental effects on arsenosugars and arsenolipids in Ectocarpus (Phaeophyta)

Ásta H Pétursdóttir , Kyle Fletcher, Helga Gunnlaugsdóttir, Eva Krupp, Frithjof Küpper , Jörg Feldmann

Matis Ltd

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Abstract

Seaweeds have recently been shown to contain a significant proportion of arsenic in the form of arsenolipids (AsLp). Three strains of the filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus species were grown in the laboratory with different simulations of environmental stress: control conditions (1/2 Provasoli-enriched seawater), low nitrate (30 % of the amount of nitrates in the control), low phosphate (30 % of the amount of phosphate in the control) and under oxidative stress levels (2 mM H2O2). Generally, the major AsLp was an arsenic-containing hydrocarbon, AsHC360 (50–80 %), but additionally, several arsenic-containing phospholipids (AsPL) were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS/ ESI-MS). The AsLps in cultures were compared with AsLps in Ectocarpusfound in its natural habitat as well as with other brown filamentous algae. The AsLp and arsenosugar profiles differed depending on the experimental conditions. Under
low phosphate conditions, a significant reduction of phosphorus-containing arsenosugars was noticed, and a significant increase of phosphate-containing AsLps was found when compared with the controls. Strains grown under oxidative stress showed a significant increase in AsLps as well as clear physiological changes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	21-33
Number of pages	13
Journal	Environmental Chemistry
Volume	13
Issue number	1
Early online date	28 Jul 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1071/EN14229
Publication status	Published - 2015

Bibliographical note

We thank Gillian Milne, of the Aberdeen Microscopy Facility, University of
Aberdeen, for help in preparing and viewing the samples through TEM and
Ingo Maier, from the Universita¨t Konstanz, for kindly providing us with an
optimised processing schedule for the fixation of Ectocarpus for TEM. We
also express our gratitude to Dawn Shewring for her help with algal culturing.
A´ . H. Petursdo´ttir thanks the Icelandic research fund (grant reference
130542–051), the SORSAS award and The College of Physical Sciences at
Aberdeen University for financial support. F. C. Ku¨pper also received
funding from the MASTS (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland) pooling initiative and their support is gratefully acknowledged.
MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference
HR09011) and contributing institutions.

Keywords

chloroplasts
cultures
HPLC-ESIMS
HPLC-ICP-MS
lipid-soluble arsenic
speciation

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Environmental effects on arsenosugars and arsenolipids in Ectocarpus (Phaeophyta)
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.en_US).
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Cite this

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title = "Environmental effects on arsenosugars and arsenolipids in Ectocarpus (Phaeophyta)",

abstract = "Seaweeds have recently been shown to contain a significant proportion of arsenic in the form of arsenolipids (AsLp). Three strains of the filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus species were grown in the laboratory with different simulations of environmental stress: control conditions (1/2 Provasoli-enriched seawater), low nitrate (30 % of the amount of nitrates in the control), low phosphate (30 % of the amount of phosphate in the control) and under oxidative stress levels (2 mM H2O2). Generally, the major AsLp was an arsenic-containing hydrocarbon, AsHC360 (50–80 %), but additionally, several arsenic-containing phospholipids (AsPL) were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS/ ESI-MS). The AsLps in cultures were compared with AsLps in Ectocarpusfound in its natural habitat as well as with other brown filamentous algae. The AsLp and arsenosugar profiles differed depending on the experimental conditions. Underlow phosphate conditions, a significant reduction of phosphorus-containing arsenosugars was noticed, and a significant increase of phosphate-containing AsLps was found when compared with the controls. Strains grown under oxidative stress showed a significant increase in AsLps as well as clear physiological changes. ",

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author = "P{\'e}tursd{\'o}ttir, {{\'A}sta H} and Kyle Fletcher and Helga Gunnlaugsd{\'o}ttir and Eva Krupp and Frithjof K{\"u}pper and J{\"o}rg Feldmann",

note = "We thank Gillian Milne, of the Aberdeen Microscopy Facility, University of Aberdeen, for help in preparing and viewing the samples through TEM and Ingo Maier, from the Universita¨t Konstanz, for kindly providing us with an optimised processing schedule for the fixation of Ectocarpus for TEM. We also express our gratitude to Dawn Shewring for her help with algal culturing. A´ . H. Petursdo´ttir thanks the Icelandic research fund (grant reference 130542–051), the SORSAS award and The College of Physical Sciences at Aberdeen University for financial support. F. C. Ku¨pper also received funding from the MASTS (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland) pooling initiative and their support is gratefully acknowledged. MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions.",

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doi = "10.1071/EN14229",

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pages = "21--33",

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T1 - Environmental effects on arsenosugars and arsenolipids in Ectocarpus (Phaeophyta)

AU - Pétursdóttir , Ásta H

AU - Fletcher, Kyle

AU - Gunnlaugsdóttir, Helga

AU - Krupp, Eva

AU - Küpper , Frithjof

AU - Feldmann, Jörg

N1 - We thank Gillian Milne, of the Aberdeen Microscopy Facility, University of Aberdeen, for help in preparing and viewing the samples through TEM and Ingo Maier, from the Universita¨t Konstanz, for kindly providing us with an optimised processing schedule for the fixation of Ectocarpus for TEM. We also express our gratitude to Dawn Shewring for her help with algal culturing. A´ . H. Petursdo´ttir thanks the Icelandic research fund (grant reference 130542–051), the SORSAS award and The College of Physical Sciences at Aberdeen University for financial support. F. C. Ku¨pper also received funding from the MASTS (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland) pooling initiative and their support is gratefully acknowledged. MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions.

PY - 2015

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N2 - Seaweeds have recently been shown to contain a significant proportion of arsenic in the form of arsenolipids (AsLp). Three strains of the filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus species were grown in the laboratory with different simulations of environmental stress: control conditions (1/2 Provasoli-enriched seawater), low nitrate (30 % of the amount of nitrates in the control), low phosphate (30 % of the amount of phosphate in the control) and under oxidative stress levels (2 mM H2O2). Generally, the major AsLp was an arsenic-containing hydrocarbon, AsHC360 (50–80 %), but additionally, several arsenic-containing phospholipids (AsPL) were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS/ ESI-MS). The AsLps in cultures were compared with AsLps in Ectocarpusfound in its natural habitat as well as with other brown filamentous algae. The AsLp and arsenosugar profiles differed depending on the experimental conditions. Underlow phosphate conditions, a significant reduction of phosphorus-containing arsenosugars was noticed, and a significant increase of phosphate-containing AsLps was found when compared with the controls. Strains grown under oxidative stress showed a significant increase in AsLps as well as clear physiological changes.

AB - Seaweeds have recently been shown to contain a significant proportion of arsenic in the form of arsenolipids (AsLp). Three strains of the filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus species were grown in the laboratory with different simulations of environmental stress: control conditions (1/2 Provasoli-enriched seawater), low nitrate (30 % of the amount of nitrates in the control), low phosphate (30 % of the amount of phosphate in the control) and under oxidative stress levels (2 mM H2O2). Generally, the major AsLp was an arsenic-containing hydrocarbon, AsHC360 (50–80 %), but additionally, several arsenic-containing phospholipids (AsPL) were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS/ ESI-MS). The AsLps in cultures were compared with AsLps in Ectocarpusfound in its natural habitat as well as with other brown filamentous algae. The AsLp and arsenosugar profiles differed depending on the experimental conditions. Underlow phosphate conditions, a significant reduction of phosphorus-containing arsenosugars was noticed, and a significant increase of phosphate-containing AsLps was found when compared with the controls. Strains grown under oxidative stress showed a significant increase in AsLps as well as clear physiological changes.

KW - chloroplasts

KW - cultures

KW - HPLC-ESIMS

KW - HPLC-ICP-MS

KW - lipid-soluble arsenic

KW - speciation

U2 - 10.1071/EN14229

DO - 10.1071/EN14229

M3 - Article

SN - 1448-2517

VL - 13

SP - 21

EP - 33

JO - Environmental Chemistry

JF - Environmental Chemistry

IS - 1

ER -

Environmental effects on arsenosugars and arsenolipids in Ectocarpus (Phaeophyta)

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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