Evidence of shallow basaltic lava layers in Von Kármán crater from Yutu-2 lunar Penetrating Radar

Iraklis Giannakis; Javier Martin-Torres; Yan Su; Jianqing Feng; Feng Zhou; Maria-Paz Zorzano Mier; Craig Warren; Antonios Giannopoulos

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115837

Evidence of shallow basaltic lava layers in Von Kármán crater from Yutu-2 lunar Penetrating Radar

Iraklis Giannakis, Javier Martin-Torres, Yan Su, Jianqing Feng, Feng Zhou, Maria-Paz Zorzano Mier, Craig Warren, Antonios Giannopoulos

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Abstract

Yutu-2 – the rover from the Chang’E-4 mission – is the longest operational Lunar rover, and the first rover to land on the far side of the Moon. It is the second planetary rover to be equipped with ground-penetrating radar (GPR), one of the few in-situ geophysical techniques used in planetary exploration. Since landing in 2019, Yutu-2 has travelled more than 1 kilometre in the Von Kármán (VK) crater, and has been able to investigate the dielectric properties of the shallow Lunar ejecta using its on-board high frequency GPR channels. In this paper, we use advanced signal processing and frequency attributes to infer a detailed dielectric structure of the first ≈30 metres of the subsurface, providing valuable information on the ilmenite content of the landing site. Both the dielectric properties and the ilmenite content suggest a shallow sequence of Imbrian basaltic layers overlaying a low-ilmenite ejecta blanket.

Original language	English
Article number	115837
Journal	Icarus (New York, N.Y. 1962)
Volume	408
Early online date	14 Oct 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115837
Publication status	Published - 15 Jan 2024

Bibliographical note

Open Access via the Elsevier agreement
The following work received funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China (42241131).

Data Availability Statement

Data will be made available on request.

Keywords

Chang’E-4
Yutu-2
Lunar Penetrating Radar
GPR
Von Kármán crater
Signal processing
Basaltic flood
Ilmenite
Frequency dispersion
Crater ejecta

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10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115837Licence: CC BY

Giannakis_etal_I_Evidence_Of_Shallow_VOR
Available online 14 October 2023 0019-1035/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Final published version, 6.24 MBLicence: CC BY

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103523004165

Cite this

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title = "Evidence of shallow basaltic lava layers in Von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n crater from Yutu-2 lunar Penetrating Radar",

abstract = "Yutu-2 – the rover from the Chang{\textquoteright}E-4 mission – is the longest operational Lunar rover, and the first rover to land on the far side of the Moon. It is the second planetary rover to be equipped with ground-penetrating radar (GPR), one of the few in-situ geophysical techniques used in planetary exploration. Since landing in 2019, Yutu-2 has travelled more than 1 kilometre in the Von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n (VK) crater, and has been able to investigate the dielectric properties of the shallow Lunar ejecta using its on-board high frequency GPR channels. In this paper, we use advanced signal processing and frequency attributes to infer a detailed dielectric structure of the first ≈30 metres of the subsurface, providing valuable information on the ilmenite content of the landing site. Both the dielectric properties and the ilmenite content suggest a shallow sequence of Imbrian basaltic layers overlaying a low-ilmenite ejecta blanket.",

keywords = "Chang{\textquoteright}E-4, Yutu-2, Lunar Penetrating Radar, GPR, Von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n crater, Signal processing, Basaltic flood, Ilmenite, Frequency dispersion, Crater ejecta",

author = "Iraklis Giannakis and Javier Martin-Torres and Yan Su and Jianqing Feng and Feng Zhou and {Zorzano Mier}, Maria-Paz and Craig Warren and Antonios Giannopoulos",

note = "Open Access via the Elsevier agreement The following work received funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China (42241131).",

year = "2024",

month = jan,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115837",

language = "English",

volume = "408",

journal = "Icarus (New York, N.Y. 1962)",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Evidence of shallow basaltic lava layers in Von Kármán crater from Yutu-2 lunar Penetrating Radar

AU - Giannakis, Iraklis

AU - Martin-Torres, Javier

AU - Su, Yan

AU - Feng, Jianqing

AU - Zhou, Feng

AU - Zorzano Mier, Maria-Paz

AU - Warren, Craig

AU - Giannopoulos, Antonios

N1 - Open Access via the Elsevier agreement The following work received funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China (42241131).

PY - 2024/1/15

Y1 - 2024/1/15

N2 - Yutu-2 – the rover from the Chang’E-4 mission – is the longest operational Lunar rover, and the first rover to land on the far side of the Moon. It is the second planetary rover to be equipped with ground-penetrating radar (GPR), one of the few in-situ geophysical techniques used in planetary exploration. Since landing in 2019, Yutu-2 has travelled more than 1 kilometre in the Von Kármán (VK) crater, and has been able to investigate the dielectric properties of the shallow Lunar ejecta using its on-board high frequency GPR channels. In this paper, we use advanced signal processing and frequency attributes to infer a detailed dielectric structure of the first ≈30 metres of the subsurface, providing valuable information on the ilmenite content of the landing site. Both the dielectric properties and the ilmenite content suggest a shallow sequence of Imbrian basaltic layers overlaying a low-ilmenite ejecta blanket.

AB - Yutu-2 – the rover from the Chang’E-4 mission – is the longest operational Lunar rover, and the first rover to land on the far side of the Moon. It is the second planetary rover to be equipped with ground-penetrating radar (GPR), one of the few in-situ geophysical techniques used in planetary exploration. Since landing in 2019, Yutu-2 has travelled more than 1 kilometre in the Von Kármán (VK) crater, and has been able to investigate the dielectric properties of the shallow Lunar ejecta using its on-board high frequency GPR channels. In this paper, we use advanced signal processing and frequency attributes to infer a detailed dielectric structure of the first ≈30 metres of the subsurface, providing valuable information on the ilmenite content of the landing site. Both the dielectric properties and the ilmenite content suggest a shallow sequence of Imbrian basaltic layers overlaying a low-ilmenite ejecta blanket.

KW - Chang’E-4

KW - Yutu-2

KW - Lunar Penetrating Radar

KW - GPR

KW - Von Kármán crater

KW - Signal processing

KW - Basaltic flood

KW - Ilmenite

KW - Frequency dispersion

KW - Crater ejecta

U2 - 10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115837

DO - 10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115837

M3 - Article

SN - 0019-1035

VL - 408

JO - Icarus (New York, N.Y. 1962)

JF - Icarus (New York, N.Y. 1962)

M1 - 115837

ER -

Evidence of shallow basaltic lava layers in Von Kármán crater from Yutu-2 lunar Penetrating Radar

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Data Availability Statement

Keywords

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