Interpretation and ground modelling uncertainty in glaciogenic, ice-marginal deposits. Case study from the Southern Baltic

Multiple offshore wind farms OWF developments in the Northern Hemisphere are currently being planned or built in areas that underwent multiple phases of glaciations during the last 2.58Ma. This means that, in order to develop a meaningful engineering ground model, a thorough understanding of the glacial history of the region as well as depositional and erosional processes end resulting ground conditions specific to the location are necessary. Offshore, the basis for this understanding is typically provided by 2D ultra-high-resolution seismic data interpretation. Whereas seismic data interpretation is a well-developed discipline it yields best results in areas where depositional processes are relatively uninterrupted and regionally consistent and when de available data is three-dimensional. 3D UHRS seismic data is rarely available for OWF ground modeling and sediment found in glaciogenic ice marginal settings is highly heterogeneous and affected by multiple episodes of glacial erosion and reworking. Here the effect of available 2D seismic data re-processing and re-interpretation on the ground modeling uncertainty of a planned OWF site in the Southern Baltic will be discussed in detail.