Abstract
Purpose
Distinguishing what employers in different areas of Great Britain need to pay to attract and retain labour has been a central component of public sector resource allocation decisions. This paper examines how changes in the pattern of spatial wage differentials following the global financial crisis have impacted on the formulae which allocates government funding to local government and health providers in the NHS.
Design/methodology/approach
Using employer-reported data on earnings we examine spatial patterns of private sector wages in Great Britain between 2007 and 2017. Our method permits the analysis of finely defined geographical areas and controls for differences in industry and workforce composition to distinguish those differences that are attributable from unmeasured characteristics, such as differences between areas in the cost-of-living and amenities. These standardised spatial wage differentials (SSWDs) underpin the funding allocation formulae.
Findings
The analysis shows that since 2007 private sector wage dispersion, both within and between regions, has reduced: lower paid areas have experienced a relative increase in wages and higher paid a relative decline. Over the period there was a significant reduction in the London wage premium.
Originality/value
This paper demonstrates the importance of ensuring established policies are applied using contemporary data. The SSWDs used to distribute government funds have not been reestimated for some time. As a result, the current resource allocation model has overcompensated the London region and undercompensated others during this period.
Distinguishing what employers in different areas of Great Britain need to pay to attract and retain labour has been a central component of public sector resource allocation decisions. This paper examines how changes in the pattern of spatial wage differentials following the global financial crisis have impacted on the formulae which allocates government funding to local government and health providers in the NHS.
Design/methodology/approach
Using employer-reported data on earnings we examine spatial patterns of private sector wages in Great Britain between 2007 and 2017. Our method permits the analysis of finely defined geographical areas and controls for differences in industry and workforce composition to distinguish those differences that are attributable from unmeasured characteristics, such as differences between areas in the cost-of-living and amenities. These standardised spatial wage differentials (SSWDs) underpin the funding allocation formulae.
Findings
The analysis shows that since 2007 private sector wage dispersion, both within and between regions, has reduced: lower paid areas have experienced a relative increase in wages and higher paid a relative decline. Over the period there was a significant reduction in the London wage premium.
Originality/value
This paper demonstrates the importance of ensuring established policies are applied using contemporary data. The SSWDs used to distribute government funds have not been reestimated for some time. As a result, the current resource allocation model has overcompensated the London region and undercompensated others during this period.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 521-536 |
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | International Journal of Manpower |
| Volume | 42 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| Early online date | 12 Aug 2020 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 22 Jun 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Acknowledgements:The authors thank Tim Butcher from the Low Pay Commission for helpful discussions regarding changes in occupation classifications. We also thank the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and the UK Data Service for permitting and providing secure access to the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings. All results within this paper have been checked by the UK Data Service to ensure they are non-disclosive and cannot be used to identify a person or organisation. The Health Economics Research Unit is supported by the Chief Scientist Office (CSO) of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates (SGHSC). The views expressed here are those of the Unit and not necessarily those of the CSO.
Keywords
- resource allocation
- labour cost variations
- Market Forces Factor
- Area Cost Adjustment
- spatial wage differentials
- regional wage differentials
- E24
- H51
- J31
- Regional wage differentials
- Market forces factor
- Labour cost variations
- Area cost adjustment
- Resource allocation
- Spatial wage differentials
- BRITAIN
Access to Document
- Elliott_et_al_IJM_PublicSectorResource_AAM
This is the author's accepted manuscript of an article accepted for publication in International Journal of Manpower. This version is deposited under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial International License 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. The final published version can be found at: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-10-2019-0488.