Reduction of Fat and Protein Intakes But Not Carbohydrate Intake Following Acute and Chronic Fluoxetine in Female Rats

Fluoxetine hydrochloride, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, leads to reductions in food intake and body weight and is under investigation as a possible treatment for obesity. Additionally, it has been suggested that fluoxetine administration could lead to a selective suppression in carbohydrate consumption. Because women more often than men seek weight reduction treatment, the present study examined the acute and chronic effects of fluoxetine on food intake, macronutrient selection, body weight, estrous cycle, and motor activity in female rats. Female Long–Evans rats were provided with separate sources of protein, fat and carbohydrate, and nutrient intakes were recorded following single (5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mg/kg, IP) and chronic daily (10 mg/kg for 28 days) injections of fluoxetine. Acute and chronic administration of fluoxetine significantly reduced total caloric intake when compared to vehicle treatment. Moreover, fluoxetine significantly suppressed fat and protein intakes, but not carbohydrate intake following both acute and chronic drug administration. Animals chronically treated with fluoxetine gained significantly less weight than animals treated with vehicle. Chronic fluoxetine treatment did not significantly alter estrous cycle. However, in both fluoxetine- and vehicle-treated animals, total caloric intake, and carbohydrate and protein intakes were reduced and fat intake was increased when estrogen levels were high. Fluoxetine significantly reduced motor activity up to 4 h postinjection, and increased motor activity 24 h postinjection.