Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit

C L Thomas; T D Alcock; N S Graham; R Hayden; S Matterson; L Wilson; S D Young; L X Dupuy; P J White; J P Hammond; J M C Danku; D E Salt; A Sweeney; I Bancroft; M R Broadley

doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0902-5

Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit

C L Thomas, T D Alcock, N S Graham, R Hayden, S Matterson, L Wilson, S D Young, L X Dupuy, P J White, J P Hammond, J M C Danku, D E Salt, A Sweeney, I Bancroft, M R Broadley

Aberdeen Centre For Environmental Sustainability

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mineral nutrient uptake and utilisation by plants are controlled by many traits relating to root morphology, ion transport, sequestration and translocation. The aims of this study were to determine the phenotypic diversity in root morphology and leaf and seed mineral composition of a polyploid crop species, Brassica napus L., and how these traits relate to crop habit. Traits were quantified in a diversity panel of up to 387 genotypes: 163 winter, 127 spring, and seven semiwinter oilseed rape (OSR) habits, 35 swede, 15 winter fodder, and 40 exotic/unspecified habits. Root traits of 14 d old seedlings were measured in a 'pouch and wick' system (n = ~24 replicates per genotype). The mineral composition of 3-6 rosette-stage leaves, and mature seeds, was determined on compost-grown plants from a designed experiment (n = 5) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

RESULTS: Seed size explained a large proportion of the variation in root length. Winter OSR and fodder habits had longer primary and lateral roots than spring OSR habits, with generally lower mineral concentrations. A comparison of the ratios of elements in leaf and seed parts revealed differences in translocation processes between crop habits, including those likely to be associated with crop-selection for OSR seeds with lower sulphur-containing glucosinolates. Combining root, leaf and seed traits in a discriminant analysis provided the most accurate characterisation of crop habit, illustrating the interdependence of plant tissues.

CONCLUSIONS: High-throughput morphological and composition phenotyping reveals complex interrelationships between mineral acquisition and accumulation linked to genetic control within and between crop types (habits) in B. napus. Despite its recent genetic ancestry (<10 ky), root morphology, and leaf and seed composition traits could potentially be used in crop improvement, if suitable markers can be identified and if these correspond with suitable agronomy and quality traits.

Original language	English
Article number	214
Journal	BMC Plant Biology
Volume	16
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-016-0902-5
Publication status	Published - 4 Oct 2016

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgements
We thank Jonathan Atkinson, Darren Wells, Andrew French and Michael Pound at the University of Nottingham for advice on root measurement methods.

Funding
The work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Crop Improvement Research Club (CIRC) Grant BB/J019631/1 to MRB, BBSRC grant BB/L000113/1 to DES, the BBSRC Renewable Industrial Products from Rapeseed (RIPR) Programme Grant BB/L002124/1 to IB, and the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government through Work Package 3.3 (2011–2016) to PJW.

Keywords

Canola
Ionomics
Mineral concentration
High-throughput phenotyping
Root morphology
Seed size
Leaf/seed elemental ratios

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Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit
© 2016 The Author(s). Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Ionomics HUB
Salt, D. E. (Creator), University of Nottingham, 1 Jan 2007
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Thomas, C. L., Alcock, T. D., Graham, N. S., Hayden, R., Matterson, S., Wilson, L., Young, S. D., Dupuy, L. X., White, P. J., Hammond, J. P., Danku, J. M. C., Salt, D. E., Sweeney, A., Bancroft, I., & Broadley, M. R. (2016). Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit. BMC Plant Biology, 16(1), Article 214. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-016-0902-5

Thomas, CL, Alcock, TD, Graham, NS, Hayden, R, Matterson, S, Wilson, L, Young, SD, Dupuy, LX, White, PJ, Hammond, JP, Danku, JMC, Salt, DE, Sweeney, A, Bancroft, I & Broadley, MR 2016, 'Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit', BMC Plant Biology, vol. 16, no. 1, 214. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-016-0902-5

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abstract = "BACKGROUND: Mineral nutrient uptake and utilisation by plants are controlled by many traits relating to root morphology, ion transport, sequestration and translocation. The aims of this study were to determine the phenotypic diversity in root morphology and leaf and seed mineral composition of a polyploid crop species, Brassica napus L., and how these traits relate to crop habit. Traits were quantified in a diversity panel of up to 387 genotypes: 163 winter, 127 spring, and seven semiwinter oilseed rape (OSR) habits, 35 swede, 15 winter fodder, and 40 exotic/unspecified habits. Root traits of 14 d old seedlings were measured in a 'pouch and wick' system (n = ~24 replicates per genotype). The mineral composition of 3-6 rosette-stage leaves, and mature seeds, was determined on compost-grown plants from a designed experiment (n = 5) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).RESULTS: Seed size explained a large proportion of the variation in root length. Winter OSR and fodder habits had longer primary and lateral roots than spring OSR habits, with generally lower mineral concentrations. A comparison of the ratios of elements in leaf and seed parts revealed differences in translocation processes between crop habits, including those likely to be associated with crop-selection for OSR seeds with lower sulphur-containing glucosinolates. Combining root, leaf and seed traits in a discriminant analysis provided the most accurate characterisation of crop habit, illustrating the interdependence of plant tissues.CONCLUSIONS: High-throughput morphological and composition phenotyping reveals complex interrelationships between mineral acquisition and accumulation linked to genetic control within and between crop types (habits) in B. napus. Despite its recent genetic ancestry (<10 ky), root morphology, and leaf and seed composition traits could potentially be used in crop improvement, if suitable markers can be identified and if these correspond with suitable agronomy and quality traits.",

keywords = "Canola , Ionomics , Mineral concentration, High-throughput phenotyping, Root morphology, Seed size, Leaf/seed elemental ratios",

author = "Thomas, {C L} and Alcock, {T D} and Graham, {N S} and R Hayden and S Matterson and L Wilson and Young, {S D} and Dupuy, {L X} and White, {P J} and Hammond, {J P} and Danku, {J M C} and Salt, {D E} and A Sweeney and I Bancroft and Broadley, {M R}",

note = "Acknowledgements We thank Jonathan Atkinson, Darren Wells, Andrew French and Michael Pound at the University of Nottingham for advice on root measurement methods. Funding The work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Crop Improvement Research Club (CIRC) Grant BB/J019631/1 to MRB, BBSRC grant BB/L000113/1 to DES, the BBSRC Renewable Industrial Products from Rapeseed (RIPR) Programme Grant BB/L002124/1 to IB, and the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government through Work Package 3.3 (2011–2016) to PJW. ",

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T1 - Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit

AU - Thomas, C L

AU - Alcock, T D

AU - Graham, N S

AU - Hayden, R

AU - Matterson, S

AU - Wilson, L

AU - Young, S D

AU - Dupuy, L X

AU - White, P J

AU - Hammond, J P

AU - Danku, J M C

AU - Salt, D E

AU - Sweeney, A

AU - Bancroft, I

AU - Broadley, M R

N1 - Acknowledgements We thank Jonathan Atkinson, Darren Wells, Andrew French and Michael Pound at the University of Nottingham for advice on root measurement methods. Funding The work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Crop Improvement Research Club (CIRC) Grant BB/J019631/1 to MRB, BBSRC grant BB/L000113/1 to DES, the BBSRC Renewable Industrial Products from Rapeseed (RIPR) Programme Grant BB/L002124/1 to IB, and the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government through Work Package 3.3 (2011–2016) to PJW.

PY - 2016/10/4

Y1 - 2016/10/4

N2 - BACKGROUND: Mineral nutrient uptake and utilisation by plants are controlled by many traits relating to root morphology, ion transport, sequestration and translocation. The aims of this study were to determine the phenotypic diversity in root morphology and leaf and seed mineral composition of a polyploid crop species, Brassica napus L., and how these traits relate to crop habit. Traits were quantified in a diversity panel of up to 387 genotypes: 163 winter, 127 spring, and seven semiwinter oilseed rape (OSR) habits, 35 swede, 15 winter fodder, and 40 exotic/unspecified habits. Root traits of 14 d old seedlings were measured in a 'pouch and wick' system (n = ~24 replicates per genotype). The mineral composition of 3-6 rosette-stage leaves, and mature seeds, was determined on compost-grown plants from a designed experiment (n = 5) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).RESULTS: Seed size explained a large proportion of the variation in root length. Winter OSR and fodder habits had longer primary and lateral roots than spring OSR habits, with generally lower mineral concentrations. A comparison of the ratios of elements in leaf and seed parts revealed differences in translocation processes between crop habits, including those likely to be associated with crop-selection for OSR seeds with lower sulphur-containing glucosinolates. Combining root, leaf and seed traits in a discriminant analysis provided the most accurate characterisation of crop habit, illustrating the interdependence of plant tissues.CONCLUSIONS: High-throughput morphological and composition phenotyping reveals complex interrelationships between mineral acquisition and accumulation linked to genetic control within and between crop types (habits) in B. napus. Despite its recent genetic ancestry (<10 ky), root morphology, and leaf and seed composition traits could potentially be used in crop improvement, if suitable markers can be identified and if these correspond with suitable agronomy and quality traits.

AB - BACKGROUND: Mineral nutrient uptake and utilisation by plants are controlled by many traits relating to root morphology, ion transport, sequestration and translocation. The aims of this study were to determine the phenotypic diversity in root morphology and leaf and seed mineral composition of a polyploid crop species, Brassica napus L., and how these traits relate to crop habit. Traits were quantified in a diversity panel of up to 387 genotypes: 163 winter, 127 spring, and seven semiwinter oilseed rape (OSR) habits, 35 swede, 15 winter fodder, and 40 exotic/unspecified habits. Root traits of 14 d old seedlings were measured in a 'pouch and wick' system (n = ~24 replicates per genotype). The mineral composition of 3-6 rosette-stage leaves, and mature seeds, was determined on compost-grown plants from a designed experiment (n = 5) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).RESULTS: Seed size explained a large proportion of the variation in root length. Winter OSR and fodder habits had longer primary and lateral roots than spring OSR habits, with generally lower mineral concentrations. A comparison of the ratios of elements in leaf and seed parts revealed differences in translocation processes between crop habits, including those likely to be associated with crop-selection for OSR seeds with lower sulphur-containing glucosinolates. Combining root, leaf and seed traits in a discriminant analysis provided the most accurate characterisation of crop habit, illustrating the interdependence of plant tissues.CONCLUSIONS: High-throughput morphological and composition phenotyping reveals complex interrelationships between mineral acquisition and accumulation linked to genetic control within and between crop types (habits) in B. napus. Despite its recent genetic ancestry (<10 ky), root morphology, and leaf and seed composition traits could potentially be used in crop improvement, if suitable markers can be identified and if these correspond with suitable agronomy and quality traits.

KW - Canola

KW - Ionomics

KW - Mineral concentration

KW - High-throughput phenotyping

KW - Root morphology

KW - Seed size

KW - Leaf/seed elemental ratios

U2 - 10.1186/s12870-016-0902-5

DO - 10.1186/s12870-016-0902-5

M3 - Article

C2 - 27716103

SN - 1471-2229

VL - 16

JO - BMC Plant Biology

JF - BMC Plant Biology

IS - 1

M1 - 214

ER -

Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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