Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars

P.-Y. Meslin; O. Gasnault; O. Forni; S. Schröder; A. Cousin; G. Berger; S.M. Clegg; J. Lasue; S. Maurice; V. Sautter; S. Le Mouélic; R.C. Wiens; C. Fabre; W. Goetz; D. Bish; N. Mangold; B. Ehlmann; N. Lanza; A.-M. Harri; R. Anderson; E. Rampe; T.H. McConnochie; P. Pinet; D. Blaney; R. Leveille; D. Archer; B. Barraclough; S. Bender; D. Blake; J. G. Blank; N. Bridges; B. C. Clark; L. DeFlores; D. Delapp; G. Dromart; M. D. Dyar; M. Fisk; B. Gondet; J. Grotzinger; K. Herkenhoff; J. Johnson; J.-L. Lacour; Y. Langevin; L. Leshin; E. Lewin; M. B. Madsen; N. Melikechi; A. Mezzacappa; M. A. Mischna; MSL Science Team

doi:10.1126/science.1238670

Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars

P.-Y. Meslin^*, O. Gasnault, O. Forni, S. Schröder, A. Cousin, G. Berger, S.M. Clegg, J. Lasue, S. Maurice, V. Sautter, S. Le Mouélic, R.C. Wiens, C. Fabre, W. Goetz, D. Bish, N. Mangold, B. Ehlmann, N. Lanza, A.-M. Harri, R. AndersonE. Rampe, T.H. McConnochie, P. Pinet, D. Blaney, R. Leveille, D. Archer, B. Barraclough, S. Bender, D. Blake, J. G. Blank, N. Bridges, B. C. Clark, L. DeFlores, D. Delapp, G. Dromart, M. D. Dyar, M. Fisk, B. Gondet, J. Grotzinger, K. Herkenhoff, J. Johnson, J.-L. Lacour, Y. Langevin, L. Leshin, E. Lewin, M. B. Madsen, N. Melikechi, A. Mezzacappa, M. A. Mischna, MSL Science Team

^*Corresponding author for this work

Geology and Geophysics

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Abstract

The ChemCam instrument, which provides insight into martian soil chemistry at the submillimeter scale, identified two principal soil types along the Curiosity rover traverse: a fine-grained mafic type and a locally derived, coarse-grained felsic type. The mafic soil component is representative of widespread martian soils and is similar in composition to the martian dust. It possesses a ubiquitous hydrogen signature in ChemCam spectra, corresponding to the hydration of the amorphous phases found in the soil by the CheMin instrument. This hydration likely accounts for an important fraction of the global hydration of the surface seen by previous orbital measurements. ChemCam analyses did not reveal any significant exchange of water vapor between the regolith and the atmosphere. These observations provide constraints on the nature of the amorphous phases and their hydration.

Original language	English
Number of pages	10
Journal	Science
Volume	341
Issue number	6153
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1238670
Publication status	Published - 27 Sept 2013

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgments: This research was carried out with funding from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Work in the United States was carried out under contract from NASA’s Mars Program Office. W.G. acknowledges partial funding from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant GO 2288/1-1. This team gratefully acknowledges JPL for developing and leading this successful mission. The data reported in this paper are archived at the Planetary Data System, accessible at http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/index.htm.

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Meslin, P.-Y., Gasnault, O., Forni, O., Schröder, S., Cousin, A., Berger, G., Clegg, S. M., Lasue, J., Maurice, S., Sautter, V., Mouélic, S. L., Wiens, R. C., Fabre, C., Goetz, W., Bish, D., Mangold, N., Ehlmann, B., Lanza, N., Harri, A.-M., ... MSL Science Team (2013). Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars. Science, 341(6153). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1238670

Meslin, P-Y, Gasnault, O, Forni, O, Schröder, S, Cousin, A, Berger, G, Clegg, SM, Lasue, J, Maurice, S, Sautter, V, Mouélic, SL, Wiens, RC, Fabre, C, Goetz, W, Bish, D, Mangold, N, Ehlmann, B, Lanza, N, Harri, A-M, Anderson, R, Rampe, E, McConnochie, TH, Pinet, P, Blaney, D, Leveille, R, Archer, D, Barraclough, B, Bender, S, Blake, D, Blank, JG, Bridges, N, Clark, BC, DeFlores, L, Delapp, D, Dromart, G, Dyar, MD, Fisk, M, Gondet, B, Grotzinger, J, Herkenhoff, K, Johnson, J, Lacour, J-L, Langevin, Y, Leshin, L, Lewin, E, Madsen, MB, Melikechi, N, Mezzacappa, A, Mischna, MA & MSL Science Team 2013, 'Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars', Science, vol. 341, no. 6153. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1238670

@article{da44b2a8799b4713a733b3c53df5ac51,

title = "Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars",

abstract = "The ChemCam instrument, which provides insight into martian soil chemistry at the submillimeter scale, identified two principal soil types along the Curiosity rover traverse: a fine-grained mafic type and a locally derived, coarse-grained felsic type. The mafic soil component is representative of widespread martian soils and is similar in composition to the martian dust. It possesses a ubiquitous hydrogen signature in ChemCam spectra, corresponding to the hydration of the amorphous phases found in the soil by the CheMin instrument. This hydration likely accounts for an important fraction of the global hydration of the surface seen by previous orbital measurements. ChemCam analyses did not reveal any significant exchange of water vapor between the regolith and the atmosphere. These observations provide constraints on the nature of the amorphous phases and their hydration.",

author = "P.-Y. Meslin and O. Gasnault and O. Forni and S. Schr{\"o}der and A. Cousin and G. Berger and S.M. Clegg and J. Lasue and S. Maurice and V. Sautter and Mou{\'e}lic, {S. Le} and R.C. Wiens and C. Fabre and W. Goetz and D. Bish and N. Mangold and B. Ehlmann and N. Lanza and A.-M. Harri and R. Anderson and E. Rampe and T.H. McConnochie and P. Pinet and D. Blaney and R. Leveille and D. Archer and B. Barraclough and S. Bender and D. Blake and Blank, {J. G.} and N. Bridges and Clark, {B. C.} and L. DeFlores and D. Delapp and G. Dromart and Dyar, {M. D.} and M. Fisk and B. Gondet and J. Grotzinger and K. Herkenhoff and J. Johnson and J.-L. Lacour and Y. Langevin and L. Leshin and E. Lewin and Madsen, {M. B.} and N. Melikechi and A. Mezzacappa and Mischna, {M. A.} and {MSL Science Team} and Javier Martin-Torres",

note = "Acknowledgments: This research was carried out with funding from the Centre National d{\textquoteright}Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Work in the United States was carried out under contract from NASA{\textquoteright}s Mars Program Office. W.G. acknowledges partial funding from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant GO 2288/1-1. This team gratefully acknowledges JPL for developing and leading this successful mission. The data reported in this paper are archived at the Planetary Data System, accessible at http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/index.htm.",

year = "2013",

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day = "27",

doi = "10.1126/science.1238670",

language = "English",

volume = "341",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars

AU - Meslin, P.-Y.

AU - Gasnault, O.

AU - Forni, O.

AU - Schröder, S.

AU - Cousin, A.

AU - Berger, G.

AU - Clegg, S.M.

AU - Lasue, J.

AU - Maurice, S.

AU - Sautter, V.

AU - Mouélic, S. Le

AU - Wiens, R.C.

AU - Fabre, C.

AU - Goetz, W.

AU - Bish, D.

AU - Mangold, N.

AU - Ehlmann, B.

AU - Lanza, N.

AU - Harri, A.-M.

AU - Anderson, R.

AU - Rampe, E.

AU - McConnochie, T.H.

AU - Pinet, P.

AU - Blaney, D.

AU - Leveille, R.

AU - Archer, D.

AU - Barraclough, B.

AU - Bender, S.

AU - Blake, D.

AU - Blank, J. G.

AU - Bridges, N.

AU - Clark, B. C.

AU - DeFlores, L.

AU - Delapp, D.

AU - Dromart, G.

AU - Dyar, M. D.

AU - Fisk, M.

AU - Gondet, B.

AU - Grotzinger, J.

AU - Herkenhoff, K.

AU - Johnson, J.

AU - Lacour, J.-L.

AU - Langevin, Y.

AU - Leshin, L.

AU - Lewin, E.

AU - Madsen, M. B.

AU - Melikechi, N.

AU - Mezzacappa, A.

AU - Mischna, M. A.

AU - MSL Science Team

AU - Martin-Torres, Javier

N1 - Acknowledgments: This research was carried out with funding from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Work in the United States was carried out under contract from NASA’s Mars Program Office. W.G. acknowledges partial funding from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant GO 2288/1-1. This team gratefully acknowledges JPL for developing and leading this successful mission. The data reported in this paper are archived at the Planetary Data System, accessible at http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/index.htm.

PY - 2013/9/27

Y1 - 2013/9/27

N2 - The ChemCam instrument, which provides insight into martian soil chemistry at the submillimeter scale, identified two principal soil types along the Curiosity rover traverse: a fine-grained mafic type and a locally derived, coarse-grained felsic type. The mafic soil component is representative of widespread martian soils and is similar in composition to the martian dust. It possesses a ubiquitous hydrogen signature in ChemCam spectra, corresponding to the hydration of the amorphous phases found in the soil by the CheMin instrument. This hydration likely accounts for an important fraction of the global hydration of the surface seen by previous orbital measurements. ChemCam analyses did not reveal any significant exchange of water vapor between the regolith and the atmosphere. These observations provide constraints on the nature of the amorphous phases and their hydration.

AB - The ChemCam instrument, which provides insight into martian soil chemistry at the submillimeter scale, identified two principal soil types along the Curiosity rover traverse: a fine-grained mafic type and a locally derived, coarse-grained felsic type. The mafic soil component is representative of widespread martian soils and is similar in composition to the martian dust. It possesses a ubiquitous hydrogen signature in ChemCam spectra, corresponding to the hydration of the amorphous phases found in the soil by the CheMin instrument. This hydration likely accounts for an important fraction of the global hydration of the surface seen by previous orbital measurements. ChemCam analyses did not reveal any significant exchange of water vapor between the regolith and the atmosphere. These observations provide constraints on the nature of the amorphous phases and their hydration.

U2 - 10.1126/science.1238670

DO - 10.1126/science.1238670

M3 - Article

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 341

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6153

ER -

Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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