Abstract
We have manipulated the chick limb bud by dorsoventrally inverting the ectoderm, by grafting the AER to the dorsal or ventral ectoderm and by insertion of an FGF-4 soaked heparin bead into the mesoderm. After dorso-ventral reversal of the ectoderm, Wnt-7a expression is autonomous from an early stage of limb development in the original dorsal ectoderm. Exogenous FGF-4 causes ectopic Wnt-7a expression and induces ectopic Shh. In addition, exogenous FGF-4 increases the thickness of cartilages and also shortens them, and both Bmp-2 and Bmp-4 may mediate this effect. The ectoderm outside the AER can regulate not only the dorso-ventral polarity of the underlying mesenchyme cells but also the cartilage formation, and both Bmp-2 and Bmp-4 may mediate this control.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 127-137 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Mechanisms of Development |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Dec 1996 |
Keywords
- Animals
- Avian Proteins
- Body Patterning
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4
- Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
- Cartilage
- Chick Embryo
- Ectoderm
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 4
- Fibroblast Growth Factors
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Hedgehog Proteins
- In Situ Hybridization
- Limb Buds
- Proteins
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins
- Time Factors
- Trans-Activators
- Transforming Growth Factor beta
- Wnt Proteins
- Limb development
- Wnt-7a
- FGF-4
- Bmp-2
- Bmp-4
- Shh
- Chick