Abstract
Mechanosensitive channels are ubiquitous and highly studied. However, the evolution of the bacterial channels remains enigmatic. It can be argued that mechanosensitivity might be a feature of all membrane proteins with some becoming progressively less sensitive to membrane tension over the course of evolution. Bacteria and archaea exhibit two main classes of channels, MscS and MscL. Present day channels suggest that the evolution of MscL may be highly constrained, whereas MscS has undergone elaboration via gene fusion (and potentially gene fission) events to generate a diversity of channel structures. Some of these channel variants are constrained to a small number of genera or species. Some are only found in higher organisms. Only exceptionally have these diverse channels been investigated in any detail. In this review we consider both the processes that might have led to the evolved complexity but also some of the methods exploiting the explosion of genome sequences to understand (and/or track) their distribution. The role of MscS-related channels in calcium-mediated cell biology events is considered. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 140-150 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Cell Calcium |
Volume | 57 |
Issue number | 3 |
Early online date | 25 Dec 2014 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Mar 2015 |
Bibliographical note
AcknowledgementsIRB is funded by a Leverhulme Emeritus Research Fellowship and a CEMI research grant from Caltech. IRB and SM are funded by a WT Programme Grant (092552/A/10/Z). LL is funded by a NERC grant to Professors J.I. Prosser and G. Nicol (NE/I027835/1). AM is funded by a NIH Director's Pioneer Award (Grant 1DP1OD008304-01) to Bill Clemons (Caltech). The authors wish to thank Suzi Black, Jessica Ricci, Cai Neubauer, Megan Bergkessel, Dianne Newman, Rob Phillips, Doug Rees and Bill Clemons and other members of the Miller, Newman, Naismith and Conway labs for their stimulating conversations. IRB, SM and LL would like to thank Jim Prosser and Graeme Nicol (University of Aberdeen) for encouraging LL to take part in this project and Bill Clemons (Caltech) for the participation of AM.
Keywords
- mechanosensitive channels
- MscS
- MscL
- gene synteny
- potassium channels
- ammonia-oxidizing archaeon
- gated sodium-channel
- escherichia-coli MSCS
- Francisco Bay Estuary
- draft genome sequence
- of-function mutations
- crystal-structure
- bacillus-subtilis
- osmotic downshock
- potassium channel
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