Violet dyes of the 1860’s: Hofmann, Britannia, Violet de Paris, Wanklyn’s and Crystal violet (1883)

Michael Plater; Andrea Raab; Horst Hartmann

doi:10.1177/17475198231196759

Violet dyes of the 1860’s: Hofmann, Britannia, Violet de Paris, Wanklyn’s and Crystal violet (1883)

Michael Plater^* (Corresponding Author), Andrea Raab, Horst Hartmann

^*Corresponding author for this work

Chemistry

Technische Universität Dresden

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Two 19th-century historical violet dyes from the Historische Farbstoffsammlung, Technical University of Dresden, have been analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The data are presented as charts with retention time and two scales: electron spray mass spectrometry counts (m/z) and milli-absorption units (UV). These dyes are complex mixtures as anticipated from the synthetic methods involving partial alkylation of rosaniline or synthesis using mixtures of N-methylaniline and N,N-dimethylaniline. The charts typically show chromophores separated by CH2 units which have separated well. Hofmann’s violet is presumably made by Hofmann’s method of synthesis, but the analyses do not verify with certainty who the inventors are because of the complexity of the dye mixtures.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-6
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Chemical Research
Volume	47
Issue number	5
Early online date	12 Sept 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/17475198231196759
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2023

Bibliographical note

Open Access via the Sage Agreement

The authors thank the UK EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre for mass spectrometric data and the UK National Crystallography Centre (University of Southampton) for the X-ray data collections. M.J.P. performed all synthesis and obtained the characterisation data and W.T.A.H. solved the crystallographic data sets. Data sets were obtained free of charge from the National Crystallography Centre, Southampton University.

Keywords

aniline red
aniline violet
fuchsin
liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
rosaniline

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Plater_etal_JCR_Violet_Dyes_of_VOR
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Cite this

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title = "Violet dyes of the 1860{\textquoteright}s: Hofmann, Britannia, Violet de Paris, Wanklyn{\textquoteright}s and Crystal violet (1883)",

abstract = "Two 19th-century historical violet dyes from the Historische Farbstoffsammlung, Technical University of Dresden, have been analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The data are presented as charts with retention time and two scales: electron spray mass spectrometry counts (m/z) and milli-absorption units (UV). These dyes are complex mixtures as anticipated from the synthetic methods involving partial alkylation of rosaniline or synthesis using mixtures of N-methylaniline and N,N-dimethylaniline. The charts typically show chromophores separated by CH2 units which have separated well. Hofmann{\textquoteright}s violet is presumably made by Hofmann{\textquoteright}s method of synthesis, but the analyses do not verify with certainty who the inventors are because of the complexity of the dye mixtures.",

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N1 - Open Access via the Sage Agreement The authors thank the UK EPSRC National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre for mass spectrometric data and the UK National Crystallography Centre (University of Southampton) for the X-ray data collections. M.J.P. performed all synthesis and obtained the characterisation data and W.T.A.H. solved the crystallographic data sets. Data sets were obtained free of charge from the National Crystallography Centre, Southampton University.

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AB - Two 19th-century historical violet dyes from the Historische Farbstoffsammlung, Technical University of Dresden, have been analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The data are presented as charts with retention time and two scales: electron spray mass spectrometry counts (m/z) and milli-absorption units (UV). These dyes are complex mixtures as anticipated from the synthetic methods involving partial alkylation of rosaniline or synthesis using mixtures of N-methylaniline and N,N-dimethylaniline. The charts typically show chromophores separated by CH2 units which have separated well. Hofmann’s violet is presumably made by Hofmann’s method of synthesis, but the analyses do not verify with certainty who the inventors are because of the complexity of the dye mixtures.

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ER -

Violet dyes of the 1860’s: Hofmann, Britannia, Violet de Paris, Wanklyn’s and Crystal violet (1883)

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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