Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North-East Atlantic

J.J. Waggitt; P.G.H. Evans; J. Andrade; A.N. Banks; O. Boisseau; M. Bolton; Gareth Bradbury; T. Brereton; C.J.  Camphuysen; J. Durinck; T. Felce; R.C. Fijn; I. Garcia-Baron; S. Garthe; S.C.V. Geelhoed; A. Gilles; M. Goodhall; J. Haelters; S. Hamilton; L. Hartny-Mills; N. Hodgins; K. James; M. Jessopp; A.S. Kavanagh; M. Leopold; K. Lohrengel; M. Louzao; N. Markones; J. Martinez-Cediera; O. O'Cadhla; S.L. Perry; G. J. Pierce; V. Ridoux; Kevin P. Robinson; M.B. Santos; C. Saavedra; H. Skov; E.W.M. Stienen; S. Sveegaard; P. Thompson; N. Vanermen; D. Wall; A. Webb; J. Wilson; S. Wanless; J.G. Hiddink

doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13525

Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North-East Atlantic

J.J. Waggitt^* (Corresponding Author), P.G.H. Evans , J. Andrade, A.N. Banks, O. Boisseau, M. Bolton, Gareth Bradbury, T. Brereton, C.J. Camphuysen, J. Durinck, T. Felce, R.C. Fijn, I. Garcia-Baron, S. Garthe, S.C.V. Geelhoed, A. Gilles, M. Goodhall, J. Haelters, S. Hamilton, L. Hartny-MillsN. Hodgins, K. James, M. Jessopp, A.S. Kavanagh, M. Leopold, K. Lohrengel, M. Louzao, N. Markones, J. Martinez-Cediera, O. O'Cadhla, S.L. Perry, G. J. Pierce, V. Ridoux, Kevin P. Robinson, M.B. Santos, C. Saavedra, H. Skov, E.W.M. Stienen, S. Sveegaard, P. Thompson, N. Vanermen, D. Wall, A. Webb, J. Wilson, S. Wanless, J.G. Hiddink

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Distribution maps of cetaceans and seabirds at basin and monthly scales are needed for conservation and marine management. These are usually created from standardised and systematic aerial and vessel surveys, with recorded animal densities interpolated across study areas. However, distribution maps at basin and monthly scales have previously not been possible because individual surveys have restricted spatial and temporal coverage.

This study develops an alternative approach consisting of: (1) collating diverse survey data to maximise spatial and temporal coverage, (2) using detection functions to estimate variation in the surface area covered (km2) among these surveys, standardising measurements of effort and animal densities, and (3) developing species distribution models (SDM) that overcome issues with heterogeneous and uneven coverage.

2.68 million km of survey data in the North‐East Atlantic between 1980 and 2018 were collated and standardised. SDM using Generalized Linear Models and General Estimating Equations in a hurdle approach were developed. Distribution maps were then created for 12 cetacean and 12 seabird species at 10 km and monthly resolution. Qualitative and quantitative assessment indicated good model performance.

Synthesis and applications. This study provides the largest ever collation and standardisation of diverse survey data for cetaceans and seabirds, and the most comprehensive distribution maps of these taxa in the North‐East Atlantic. These distribution maps have numerous applications including the identification of important areas needing protection, and the quantification of overlap between vulnerable species and anthropogenic activities. This study demonstrates how the analysis of existing and diverse survey data can meet conservation and marine management needs.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	253-269
Number of pages	17
Journal	Journal of Applied Ecology
Volume	57
Issue number	2
Early online date	10 Dec 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13525
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2020

Bibliographical note

JJW, PGHE, JGH and SW are supported through the NERC/DEFRA funded Marine Ecosystems Research Programme (MERP: NE/L003201/1). We thank the editors and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. A full list of acknowledgements are provided in the supplementary information (Appendix S4-S5). No authors have any conflicts of interest to declare.

Data availability statement: Distribution maps are available via the Dryad Digital Repository https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mw6m905sz (Waggitt, 2020). Any requests for survey data should be addressed to their owners. Contact details of the owners are provided in the supporting information (Table S5). In future, some survey data may become open access. Please contact PGHE (peter.evans@bangor.ac.uk) for further details.

Keywords

species distribution models
detection function models
North Sea
Celtic Sea
Bay of Biscay
English Channel
Irish Sea
Hebrides

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1111/1365-2664.13525Licence: Unspecified

Waggitt_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Applied_Ecology_AAM
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Waggitt, JJ, Evans, PGH, Andrade, J, et al. Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North‐East Atlantic. J Appl Ecol. 2020; 57: 253– 269., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13525. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
Accepted author manuscript, 20.5 MBLicence: Unspecified
Waggitt_JAE2_Revision1SupplementaryMaterial_AAMAccepted author manuscript, 1.7 MBLicence: Unspecified

Cite this

Waggitt, J. J., Evans , P. G. H., Andrade, J., Banks, A. N., Boisseau, O., Bolton, M., Bradbury, G., Brereton, T., Camphuysen, C. J., Durinck, J., Felce, T., Fijn, R. C., Garcia-Baron, I., Garthe, S., Geelhoed, S. C. V., Gilles, A., Goodhall, M., Haelters, J., Hamilton, S., ... Hiddink, J. G. (2020). Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North-East Atlantic. Journal of Applied Ecology, 57(2), 253-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13525

Waggitt, JJ, Evans , PGH, Andrade, J, Banks, AN, Boisseau, O, Bolton, M, Bradbury, G, Brereton, T, Camphuysen, CJ, Durinck, J, Felce, T, Fijn, RC, Garcia-Baron, I, Garthe, S, Geelhoed, SCV, Gilles, A, Goodhall, M, Haelters, J, Hamilton, S, Hartny-Mills, L, Hodgins, N, James, K, Jessopp, M, Kavanagh, AS, Leopold, M, Lohrengel, K, Louzao, M, Markones, N, Martinez-Cediera, J, O'Cadhla, O, Perry, SL, Pierce, GJ, Ridoux, V, Robinson, KP, Santos, MB, Saavedra, C, Skov, H, Stienen, EWM, Sveegaard, S, Thompson, P, Vanermen, N, Wall, D, Webb, A, Wilson, J, Wanless, S & Hiddink, JG 2020, 'Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North-East Atlantic', Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 253-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13525

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title = "Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North-East Atlantic",

abstract = "Distribution maps of cetaceans and seabirds at basin and monthly scales are needed for conservation and marine management. These are usually created from standardised and systematic aerial and vessel surveys, with recorded animal densities interpolated across study areas. However, distribution maps at basin and monthly scales have previously not been possible because individual surveys have restricted spatial and temporal coverage.This study develops an alternative approach consisting of: (1) collating diverse survey data to maximise spatial and temporal coverage, (2) using detection functions to estimate variation in the surface area covered (km2) among these surveys, standardising measurements of effort and animal densities, and (3) developing species distribution models (SDM) that overcome issues with heterogeneous and uneven coverage.2.68 million km of survey data in the North‐East Atlantic between 1980 and 2018 were collated and standardised. SDM using Generalized Linear Models and General Estimating Equations in a hurdle approach were developed. Distribution maps were then created for 12 cetacean and 12 seabird species at 10 km and monthly resolution. Qualitative and quantitative assessment indicated good model performance.Synthesis and applications. This study provides the largest ever collation and standardisation of diverse survey data for cetaceans and seabirds, and the most comprehensive distribution maps of these taxa in the North‐East Atlantic. These distribution maps have numerous applications including the identification of important areas needing protection, and the quantification of overlap between vulnerable species and anthropogenic activities. This study demonstrates how the analysis of existing and diverse survey data can meet conservation and marine management needs.",

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author = "J.J. Waggitt and P.G.H. Evans and J. Andrade and A.N. Banks and O. Boisseau and M. Bolton and Gareth Bradbury and T. Brereton and C.J. Camphuysen and J. Durinck and T. Felce and R.C. Fijn and I. Garcia-Baron and S. Garthe and S.C.V. Geelhoed and A. Gilles and M. Goodhall and J. Haelters and S. Hamilton and L. Hartny-Mills and N. Hodgins and K. James and M. Jessopp and A.S. Kavanagh and M. Leopold and K. Lohrengel and M. Louzao and N. Markones and J. Martinez-Cediera and O. O'Cadhla and S.L. Perry and Pierce, {G. J.} and V. Ridoux and Robinson, {Kevin P.} and M.B. Santos and C. Saavedra and H. Skov and E.W.M. Stienen and S. Sveegaard and P. Thompson and N. Vanermen and D. Wall and A. Webb and J. Wilson and S. Wanless and J.G. Hiddink",

note = "JJW, PGHE, JGH and SW are supported through the NERC/DEFRA funded Marine Ecosystems Research Programme (MERP: NE/L003201/1). We thank the editors and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. A full list of acknowledgements are provided in the supplementary information (Appendix S4-S5). No authors have any conflicts of interest to declare. Data availability statement: Distribution maps are available via the Dryad Digital Repository https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mw6m905sz (Waggitt, 2020). Any requests for survey data should be addressed to their owners. Contact details of the owners are provided in the supporting information (Table S5). In future, some survey data may become open access. Please contact PGHE (peter.evans@bangor.ac.uk) for further details.",

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AU - Andrade, J.

AU - Banks, A.N.

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AU - Bolton, M.

AU - Bradbury, Gareth

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AU - Camphuysen, C.J.

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AB - Distribution maps of cetaceans and seabirds at basin and monthly scales are needed for conservation and marine management. These are usually created from standardised and systematic aerial and vessel surveys, with recorded animal densities interpolated across study areas. However, distribution maps at basin and monthly scales have previously not been possible because individual surveys have restricted spatial and temporal coverage.This study develops an alternative approach consisting of: (1) collating diverse survey data to maximise spatial and temporal coverage, (2) using detection functions to estimate variation in the surface area covered (km2) among these surveys, standardising measurements of effort and animal densities, and (3) developing species distribution models (SDM) that overcome issues with heterogeneous and uneven coverage.2.68 million km of survey data in the North‐East Atlantic between 1980 and 2018 were collated and standardised. SDM using Generalized Linear Models and General Estimating Equations in a hurdle approach were developed. Distribution maps were then created for 12 cetacean and 12 seabird species at 10 km and monthly resolution. Qualitative and quantitative assessment indicated good model performance.Synthesis and applications. This study provides the largest ever collation and standardisation of diverse survey data for cetaceans and seabirds, and the most comprehensive distribution maps of these taxa in the North‐East Atlantic. These distribution maps have numerous applications including the identification of important areas needing protection, and the quantification of overlap between vulnerable species and anthropogenic activities. This study demonstrates how the analysis of existing and diverse survey data can meet conservation and marine management needs.

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KW - Celtic Sea

KW - Bay of Biscay

KW - English Channel

KW - Irish Sea

KW - Hebrides

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DO - 10.1111/1365-2664.13525

M3 - Article

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SP - 253

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JO - Journal of Applied Ecology

JF - Journal of Applied Ecology

IS - 2

ER -

Distribution maps of cetacean and seabird populations in the North-East Atlantic

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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