Functional factor XIII-A is exposed on the stimulated platelet surface

Joanne L Mitchell; Ausra S Lionikiene; Steven R Fraser; Claire S Whyte; Nuala A Booth; Nicola J Mutch

doi:10.1182/blood-2014-06-583070

Functional factor XIII-A is exposed on the stimulated platelet surface

Joanne L Mitchell, Ausra S Lionikiene, Steven R Fraser, Claire S Whyte, Nuala A Booth, Nicola J Mutch

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

95 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Factor XIII (FXIII) stabilizes thrombi against fibrinolysis by cross-linking α2-antiplasmin (α2AP) to fibrin. Cellular FXIII (FXIII-A) is abundant in platelets, but the extracellular functions of this pool are unclear, as it is not released by classical secretion mechanisms. We examined the function of platelet FXIII-A using Chandler model thrombi formed from FXIII-depleted plasma. Platelets stabilized FXIII-depleted thrombi in a transglutaminase-dependent manner. FXIII-A activity on activated platelets was unstable and was rapidly lost over 1 h. Inhibiting platelet activation abrogated the ability of platelets to stabilize thrombi. Incorporation of a neutralizing antibody to α2AP into FXIII-depleted thrombi revealed that the stabilizing effect of platelet FXIII-A on lysis was α2AP-dependent. Platelet FXIII-A activity and antigen were associated with the cytoplasm and membrane fraction of unstimulated platelets and these fractions were functional in stabilizing FXIII-depleted thrombi against lysis. Fluorescence confocal microscopy and flow cytometry revealed exposure of FXIII-A on activated membranes with maximal signal detected with thrombin and collagen stimulation. FXIII-A was evident in protruding 'caps' on the surface of phosphatidylserine-positive platelets. Our data show a functional role for platelet FXIII-A through exposure on the activated platelet membrane where it exerts antifibrinolytic function through cross-linking α2AP to fibrin.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3982–3990
Number of pages	9
Journal	Blood
Volume	124
Issue number	26
Early online date	20 Oct 2014
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-06-583070
Publication status	Published - 18 Dec 2014

Bibliographical note

Copyright © 2014 American Society of Hematology.

Acknowledgments
The study was supported by grants FS/11/2/28579 (N.J.M. & A.S.L) and PG/11/1/28461 (N.J.M & C.S.W) from the British Heart Foundation and the University of Aberdeen Development Trust (N.J.M & J.L.M). N.A.B held a Leverhulme Trust Emeritus Fellowship. We are grateful to Dr Janne Koikkalainen for performing the Western blot for TG2 in platelets. We thank the Medical Statistics Team, the Microscopy and Histology Core Facility and the Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre at the University of Aberdeen for excellent advice and use of the facilities and the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service for outdated platelets.

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Nicola Mutch
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Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre
Andrea Holme (Manager), Linda Duncan (Senior Application Scientist), Ailsa Laird (Technician) & Kate Burgoyne (Technician)
Institute of Medical Sciences
Research Facilities: Facility
Microscopy and Histology
Debbie Wilkinson (Manager) & Gillian Milne (Manager)
Medical Sciences
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Cite this

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title = "Functional factor XIII-A is exposed on the stimulated platelet surface",

abstract = "Factor XIII (FXIII) stabilizes thrombi against fibrinolysis by cross-linking α2-antiplasmin (α2AP) to fibrin. Cellular FXIII (FXIII-A) is abundant in platelets, but the extracellular functions of this pool are unclear, as it is not released by classical secretion mechanisms. We examined the function of platelet FXIII-A using Chandler model thrombi formed from FXIII-depleted plasma. Platelets stabilized FXIII-depleted thrombi in a transglutaminase-dependent manner. FXIII-A activity on activated platelets was unstable and was rapidly lost over 1 h. Inhibiting platelet activation abrogated the ability of platelets to stabilize thrombi. Incorporation of a neutralizing antibody to α2AP into FXIII-depleted thrombi revealed that the stabilizing effect of platelet FXIII-A on lysis was α2AP-dependent. Platelet FXIII-A activity and antigen were associated with the cytoplasm and membrane fraction of unstimulated platelets and these fractions were functional in stabilizing FXIII-depleted thrombi against lysis. Fluorescence confocal microscopy and flow cytometry revealed exposure of FXIII-A on activated membranes with maximal signal detected with thrombin and collagen stimulation. FXIII-A was evident in protruding 'caps' on the surface of phosphatidylserine-positive platelets. Our data show a functional role for platelet FXIII-A through exposure on the activated platelet membrane where it exerts antifibrinolytic function through cross-linking α2AP to fibrin.",

author = "Mitchell, {Joanne L} and Lionikiene, {Ausra S} and Fraser, {Steven R} and Whyte, {Claire S} and Booth, {Nuala A} and Mutch, {Nicola J}",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2014 American Society of Hematology. Acknowledgments The study was supported by grants FS/11/2/28579 (N.J.M. & A.S.L) and PG/11/1/28461 (N.J.M & C.S.W) from the British Heart Foundation and the University of Aberdeen Development Trust (N.J.M & J.L.M). N.A.B held a Leverhulme Trust Emeritus Fellowship. We are grateful to Dr Janne Koikkalainen for performing the Western blot for TG2 in platelets. We thank the Medical Statistics Team, the Microscopy and Histology Core Facility and the Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre at the University of Aberdeen for excellent advice and use of the facilities and the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service for outdated platelets. ",

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doi = "10.1182/blood-2014-06-583070",

language = "English",

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T1 - Functional factor XIII-A is exposed on the stimulated platelet surface

AU - Mitchell, Joanne L

AU - Lionikiene, Ausra S

AU - Fraser, Steven R

AU - Whyte, Claire S

AU - Booth, Nuala A

AU - Mutch, Nicola J

N1 - Copyright © 2014 American Society of Hematology. Acknowledgments The study was supported by grants FS/11/2/28579 (N.J.M. & A.S.L) and PG/11/1/28461 (N.J.M & C.S.W) from the British Heart Foundation and the University of Aberdeen Development Trust (N.J.M & J.L.M). N.A.B held a Leverhulme Trust Emeritus Fellowship. We are grateful to Dr Janne Koikkalainen for performing the Western blot for TG2 in platelets. We thank the Medical Statistics Team, the Microscopy and Histology Core Facility and the Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre at the University of Aberdeen for excellent advice and use of the facilities and the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service for outdated platelets.

PY - 2014/12/18

Y1 - 2014/12/18

N2 - Factor XIII (FXIII) stabilizes thrombi against fibrinolysis by cross-linking α2-antiplasmin (α2AP) to fibrin. Cellular FXIII (FXIII-A) is abundant in platelets, but the extracellular functions of this pool are unclear, as it is not released by classical secretion mechanisms. We examined the function of platelet FXIII-A using Chandler model thrombi formed from FXIII-depleted plasma. Platelets stabilized FXIII-depleted thrombi in a transglutaminase-dependent manner. FXIII-A activity on activated platelets was unstable and was rapidly lost over 1 h. Inhibiting platelet activation abrogated the ability of platelets to stabilize thrombi. Incorporation of a neutralizing antibody to α2AP into FXIII-depleted thrombi revealed that the stabilizing effect of platelet FXIII-A on lysis was α2AP-dependent. Platelet FXIII-A activity and antigen were associated with the cytoplasm and membrane fraction of unstimulated platelets and these fractions were functional in stabilizing FXIII-depleted thrombi against lysis. Fluorescence confocal microscopy and flow cytometry revealed exposure of FXIII-A on activated membranes with maximal signal detected with thrombin and collagen stimulation. FXIII-A was evident in protruding 'caps' on the surface of phosphatidylserine-positive platelets. Our data show a functional role for platelet FXIII-A through exposure on the activated platelet membrane where it exerts antifibrinolytic function through cross-linking α2AP to fibrin.

AB - Factor XIII (FXIII) stabilizes thrombi against fibrinolysis by cross-linking α2-antiplasmin (α2AP) to fibrin. Cellular FXIII (FXIII-A) is abundant in platelets, but the extracellular functions of this pool are unclear, as it is not released by classical secretion mechanisms. We examined the function of platelet FXIII-A using Chandler model thrombi formed from FXIII-depleted plasma. Platelets stabilized FXIII-depleted thrombi in a transglutaminase-dependent manner. FXIII-A activity on activated platelets was unstable and was rapidly lost over 1 h. Inhibiting platelet activation abrogated the ability of platelets to stabilize thrombi. Incorporation of a neutralizing antibody to α2AP into FXIII-depleted thrombi revealed that the stabilizing effect of platelet FXIII-A on lysis was α2AP-dependent. Platelet FXIII-A activity and antigen were associated with the cytoplasm and membrane fraction of unstimulated platelets and these fractions were functional in stabilizing FXIII-depleted thrombi against lysis. Fluorescence confocal microscopy and flow cytometry revealed exposure of FXIII-A on activated membranes with maximal signal detected with thrombin and collagen stimulation. FXIII-A was evident in protruding 'caps' on the surface of phosphatidylserine-positive platelets. Our data show a functional role for platelet FXIII-A through exposure on the activated platelet membrane where it exerts antifibrinolytic function through cross-linking α2AP to fibrin.

U2 - 10.1182/blood-2014-06-583070

DO - 10.1182/blood-2014-06-583070

M3 - Article

C2 - 25331118

SN - 0006-4971

VL - 124

SP - 3982

EP - 3990

JO - Blood

JF - Blood

IS - 26

ER -

Functional factor XIII-A is exposed on the stimulated platelet surface

Abstract

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Nicola Mutch

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Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre

Microscopy and Histology

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